Edit clean up of 'temperature' lesson (#661)
This commit is contained in:
Galen Nickel
Peli de Halleux
parent
8d10987d19
commit
471df4b730
@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
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# Temperature
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```sim
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basic.forever(() => {
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led.plotBarGraph(
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input.temperature(), 50
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)
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})
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```
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This lesson give students real world experience with coding, collecting temperature data, analyzing data, and reporting results using MakeCode’s block programming and a microbit with its sensors.
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This lesson give students real world experience with coding, collecting temperature data, analyzing data, and reporting results using MakeCode’s block programming and a @boardname@ with its sensors.
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## Contents
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@ -20,4 +14,4 @@ This lesson give students real world experience with coding, collecting temperat
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|-|-|-|
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| Adapted from "[Temperature](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1X6FeANka2qcMC2ZFQgSSxEoHxsQc--6a0Pk9xxMOwE8)" by [C Lyman](http://utahcoding.org) | | [](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) |
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| Adapted from "[Temperature Data](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1X6FeANka2qcMC2ZFQgSSxEoHxsQc--6a0Pk9xxMOwE8)" by [C Lyman](http://utahcoding.org) | | [](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) |
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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## Science Concept
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### Temperature & Climate
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### Temperature and Climate
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```sim
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basic.forever(() => {
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@ -12,9 +12,13 @@ led.plotBarGraph(
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})
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```
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When heat flows into an object, its thermal energy increases and so does its temperature. The amount of temperature increase depends on three things: 1) how much heat was added, 2) the size of the object, and 3) the material of which the object is made. Thermal energy and temperature are closely related. Both reflect the amount of moving particles of matter as energy. However, temperature is the average measure of that energy, whereas thermal energy is the total energy within a system. Does this mean that matter with a lower temperature has less thermal energy than matter with a higher temperature? Not necessarily. (ck12.org, Sixth Grade Science, p 64)
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When heat flows into an object, its thermal energy increases and so does its temperature. The amount of temperature increase depends on three things:
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...various processes work to moderate Earth's temperature across the globe. Atmospheric circulation brings warm air towards the poles and cold polar air towards the Equator. If the Earth’s atmosphere didn’t move the temperature differences would be much greater. (ck12.org, Sixth Grade Science, p 91)
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1. how much heat was added
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2. the size of the object
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3. the material of which the object is made.
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Thermal energy and temperature are closely related. Both reflect the amount of moving particles of matter as energy. However, temperature is the average measure of that energy, whereas thermal energy is the total energy within a system. Does this mean that matter with a lower temperature has less thermal energy than matter with a higher temperature? Not necessarily ([ck12.org - Thermal Energy](https://www.ck12.org/book/CK-12-Physical-Science-Concepts-For-Middle-School/section/5.10/))...various processes work to moderate Earth's temperature across the globe. Atmospheric circulation brings warm air towards the poles and cold polar air towards the Equator. If the Earth’s atmosphere didn’t move the temperature differences would be much greater ([ck12.org - Effect of Atmospheric Circulation on Climate](https://www.ck12.org/book/CK-12-Earth-Science-Concepts-For-Middle-School/section/8.18/)).
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## Project Goal
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@ -28,10 +32,10 @@ Students need to have a basic knowledge of how to code using block style program
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Students will:
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* create experiments to collect data using microbits and the temperature sensor on them.
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* setup different experiments to observe temperature in different environments.
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* code the microbits to collect data remotely over the microbit radios.
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* analyze the data collected.
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* Create experiments to collect data using microbits and the temperature sensor on them.
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* Setup different experiments to observe temperature in different environments.
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* Code the microbits to collect data remotely over the microbit radios.
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* Analyze the data collected.
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## Materials Needed
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@ -39,3 +43,9 @@ Students will:
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* A longer USB microbit cable
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* [MakeCode for @boardname@ Windows 10 app](https://www.microsoft.com/store/productId/9PJC7SV48LCX))
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* Spreadsheet for data analysis and a word processor for reporting the findings
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<br/>
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|-|-|-|
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| Adapted from "[Temperature Data](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1X6FeANka2qcMC2ZFQgSSxEoHxsQc--6a0Pk9xxMOwE8)" by [C Lyman](http://utahcoding.org) | | [](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) |
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@ -1,26 +1,74 @@
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# Resources
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## CSTA Standards
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Computer Science Teachers Association (CSTA) Standards 2017.
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http://www.csteachers.org/page/standards.
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### Level 2 (Grades 6-8)
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#### Computing Systems
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* 02 — Design projects that combine hardware and software components to collect and exchange data.
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* 03 — Systematically identify and fix problems with computing devices and their components.
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#### Networks & the Internet
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* 04 — Model the role of protocols in transmitting data across networks and the Internet.
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#### Data & Analysis
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* 07 — Represent data using multiple encoding schemes.
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* 08 — Collect data using computational tools and transform the data to make it more useful and reliable.
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* 09 — Refine computational models based on the data they have generated.
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#### Algorithms & Programming
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* 11 — Create clearly named variables that represent different data types and perform operations on their values.
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* 12 — Design and iteratively develop programs that combine control structures, including nested loops and compound conditionals.
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* 13 — Decompose problems and subproblems into parts to facilitate the design, implementation, and review of programs.
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* 17 — Systematically test and refine programs using a range of test cases.
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* 19 — Document programs in order to make them easier to follow, test, and debug.
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## Utah Science with Engineering Education (SEEd)
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* Utah Science Website
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https://schools.utah.gov/curr/science
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* Utah Grades 6-8 SEEd Standards
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https://schools.utah.gov/file/265a0b53-b6a7-48fb-b253-b6a5f38ffe19
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* Sixth grade OER Science text
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https://eq.uen.org/emedia/items/dae58176-b839-4b26-87e4-09ca5ed98875/1/Grade6RS.pdf
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* Seventh grade OER Science text
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https://eq.uen.org/emedia/items/afd89ff1-054c-4ac5-a712-67f4c6029644/1/Grade7RS.pdf
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* Eighth grade OER Science text
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https://eq.uen.org/emedia/items/e5219302-32b9-4c2f-ad65-38f303da6654/1/Grade8RS.pdf
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* [Utah Science Website](https://schools.utah.gov/curr/science)
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* [Utah Grades 6-8 SEEd Standards](https://schools.utah.gov/file/265a0b53-b6a7-48fb-b253-b6a5f38ffe19)
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* [Sixth grade OER Science text](https://eq.uen.org/emedia/items/dae58176-b839-4b26-87e4-09ca5ed98875/1/Grade6RS.pdf)
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* [Seventh grade OER Science text](https://eq.uen.org/emedia/items/afd89ff1-054c-4ac5-a712-67f4c6029644/1/Grade7RS.pdf)
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* [Eighth grade OER Science text](https://eq.uen.org/emedia/items/e5219302-32b9-4c2f-ad65-38f303da6654/1/Grade8RS.pdf)
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## NGSS - Utah SEEd
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* Strand 6.3: Earth’s Weather Patterns and Climate
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### Strand 6.3: Earth’s Weather Patterns and Climate
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All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and matter cycling within and among the planet’s systems. Heat energy from the Sun, transmitted by radiation, is the primary source of energy that affects Earth’s weather and drives the water cycle. Uneven heating across Earth’s surface causes changes in density, which result in convection currents in water and air, creating patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional and global climates.
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* Standard 6.3.2
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Investigate the interactions between air masses that cause changes in weather conditions. Collect and analyze weather data to provide evidence for how air masses flow from regions ... Examples of data collection could include field observations, laboratory experiments, weather maps, or diagrams.
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* Standard 6.3.3
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Develop and use a model to show how unequal heating of the Earth’s systems causes patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. Emphasize how warm water and air move from the equator toward the poles. Examples of models could include Utah regional weather patterns such as lake-effect snow and wintertime temperature inversions.
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* Strand 8.4 Interactions with Natural Systems and Resources
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* Standard 8.4.4
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Analyze and interpret data on the factors that change global temperatures and their effects on regional climates. Examples of factors could include agricultural activity, changes in solar radiation, fossil fuel use, and volcanic activity. Examples of data could include graphs of ... global and regional temperatures.
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* Standard 6.3.2
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>Investigate the interactions between air masses that cause changes in weather conditions. Collect and analyze weather data to provide evidence for how air masses flow from regions ... Examples of data collection could include field observations, laboratory experiments, weather maps, or diagrams.
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* Standard 6.3.3
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>Develop and use a model to show how unequal heating of the Earth’s systems causes patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. Emphasize how warm water and air move from the equator toward the poles. Examples of models could include Utah regional weather patterns such as lake-effect snow and wintertime temperature inversions.
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### Strand 8.4: Interactions with Natural Systems and Resources
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* Standard 8.4.4
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>Analyze and interpret data on the factors that change global temperatures and their effects on regional climates. Examples of factors could include agricultural activity, changes in solar radiation, fossil fuel use, and volcanic activity. Examples of data could include graphs of ... global and regional temperatures.
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## micro:bit
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* [Microbit.org](http://microbit.org)
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* [MakeCode.com](https://makecode.com)
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* [Utah Coding Project](http://utahcoding.org)
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* [Blog entry on Windows 10 MakeCode app](https://sites.google.com/view/utahcodingproject/blog/2018-jan-makecode-app)
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<br/>
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|-|-|-|
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| Adapted from "[Temperature Data](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1X6FeANka2qcMC2ZFQgSSxEoHxsQc--6a0Pk9xxMOwE8)" by [C Lyman](http://utahcoding.org) | | [](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) |
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@ -1,35 +1,38 @@
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# Setup & Procedure
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# Setup and procedure
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## Setup
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Plan and design the experiments. (What environment will the data be collected in? Does the microbit need to be protected in a ziplock bag? What is the purpose of the experiment?)
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Plan and design data collection documents.
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Program the microbits.
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Experiment with different data collections scenarios.
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* Plan and design the experiments
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>What environment will the data be collected in? Does the @boardname@ need to be protected in a ziplock bag? What is the purpose of the experiment?
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* Plan and design data collection documents
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>Program the @boardname@s. Experiment with different data collection scenarios.
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## Code
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This project will start with one microbit and program it to use the microbit’s temperature sensor to collect and display the current temperature in Celsius on the microbit’s LED display. The data collected can be recorded manually on a paper with a pencil.
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This project will start with one @boardname@ and program it to use the @boardname@’s temperature sensor to collect and display the current temperature in Celsius on the @boardname@’s LED display. The data collected can be recorded manually on a paper with a pencil.
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### MakeCode Programming Environment
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### MakeCode programming environment
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* Open the MakeCode Microbit environment in a browser at: http://makecode.org and select Microbit.
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* Or download and use the Windows 10 MakeCode app. The Windows 10 MakeCode app can be downloaded from the following link.
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https://www.microsoft.com/store/apps/9PJC7SV48LCX
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1. Open the MakeCode editor in a browser at: @homeurl@.
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2. Or download and use the [Windows 10 MakeCode](https://www.microsoft.com/store/apps/9PJC7SV48LCX) app.
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### Temperature Project 1 - LED display
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### Temperature project 1 - LED display
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### on Start event
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#### on Start event
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1. Name the project, ``“Temperature Collection”``.
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2. The “on Start” event will display the title and purpose of the microbit in all caps, “TEMPERATURE”. The text is put in the “show string” block. (The title is put in the “on start” event so when the microbit is started up it will show what it is programmed to do. It is done in all CAPS because it is easier to read as it is displayed in the LED display.)
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1. Name the project, "Temperature Collection".
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2. The ``||basic:on start||`` event will display the title and purpose of the @boardname@ in all caps, `"TEMPERATURE"`. The text is put in the ``||basic:show string||`` block (the title is put in the ``||basic:on start||`` event so when the @boardname@ is started up it will show what it is programmed to do. It is done in all CAPS because it is easier to read as it is displayed in the LED display).
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```blocks
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basic.showString("TEMPERATURE COLLECTION")
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```
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### forever event
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In the “forever” event temperature data can be continually collected from the microbit’s temperature sensor. The data can be sent to the display on the LEDs using a “show number ()” block from the Basic toolbox..
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#### forever event
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In the ``||basic:forever||`` event temperature data can be continually collected from the @boardname@’s temperature sensor. The data can be sent to the display on the LEDs using a ``||basic:show number||`` block from the ``||basic:Basic||`` toolbox.
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```blocks
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basic.forever(() => {
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@ -37,9 +40,9 @@ basic.forever(() => {
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});
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```
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As data is displayed it can then be recorded on a paper for further analysis.
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As data is displayed it can then be recorded on paper for further analysis.
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Data can also be displayed graphically using the “plot bar graph of ( )” block from the LED toolbox.
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Data can also be displayed graphically using the ``||led:plot bar graph of||`` block from the ``||led:LED||`` toolbox.
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```blocks
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basic.forever(() => {
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});
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```
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**Variation.** Instead of using a forever loop, the “A” and “B” buttons could be programmed display the temperature in Celsius and in Fahrenheit.
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**Variation:** Instead of using a ``||basic:forever||`` loop, the **A** and **B** buttons could be programmed to display the temperature in either Celsius or Fahrenheit.
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### Temperature Project 2 - Microbit Windows 10 MakeCode app & a USB connection
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### Temperature project 2 - @boardname@ Windows 10 MakeCode app and a USB connection
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The Windows 10 MakeCode app allows data to directly read serial data from your microbit for data logging and other fun experiments. This allow the collection of data in real time which can be downloaded in a CSV file for additional analysis in a spreadsheet.
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The Windows 10 MakeCode app allows data to directly read serial data from your @boardname@ for data logging and other fun experiments. This allow the collection of data in real time which can be downloaded in a CSV file for additional analysis in a spreadsheet.
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The Windows 10 MakeCode app can be downloaded from the following link.
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https://www.microsoft.com/store/apps/9PJC7SV48LCX
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**Get the app:** The Windows 10 MakeCode app can be downloaded here: https://www.microsoft.com/store/apps/9PJC7SV48LCX
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With the program downloaded from the MakeCode app to the microbit and the USB cable left connected and using the “serial write value” block from the Serial toolbox in the Advanced tool section.
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With the program downloaded from the MakeCode app to the @boardname@ and the USB cable left connected and using the ``||serial:serial write value||`` block from the ``|serial:Serial||`` toolbox in the **Advanced** tool section.
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```blocks
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basic.forever(() => {
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@ -66,23 +68,23 @@ basic.forever(() => {
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});
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```
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When the program is running, a purple “Show data Device” button shows up under the Simulator. By clicking on the button the data being observed can monitored and graphed in the “Show data Device” window.
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When the program is running, a purple **Show data Device** button shows up under the Simulator. By clicking on the button the data being observed can monitored and graphed in the **Show data Device** window.
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Graph is highlighted with the blue box. The “Download” button in the red highlighted box allows the downloading of the recorded data as a CSV file which can be opened in a spreadsheet and analyzed.
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The graph is highlighted with the blue box. The **Download** button in the red highlighted box allows the downloading of the recorded data as a CSV file which can be opened in a spreadsheet and analyzed.
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### Temperature Project 3 - Remote radio collecting to receiving radio displaying
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### Temperature project 3 - Remote radio collecting to receiving radio displaying
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Two microbits can be used to collect and record data using the radio commands. One microbit can be setup remotely and the other microbit can be used to observe the data. The first microbit can send the data it observes to the second microbit for the observer to record. To set up 2 microbits so they can communicate over the radio they need to be on the same radio group.
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Two @boardname@s can be used to collect and record data using the radio commands. One @boardname@ can be setup remotely and the other @boardname@ can be used to observe the data. The first @boardname@ can send the data it observes to the second @boardname@ for the observer to record. To set up two @boardname@s so they can communicate over the radio they need to be on the same radio group.
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#### Radio Sending Code
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#### Radio sending code
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In the starting of the code the title is displayed, radio group 99 is setup, and the initial “temperature” variable is set to 0.
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In the starting of the code the title is displayed, radio group `99` is setup, and the initial ``temperature`` variable is set to `0`.
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In the forever loop the temperature is collected from the microbit sensor and stored in the “temperature” variable. The temperature is displayed on the LED display. A radio signal is sent to all microbit radios in group 99. The program pauses for 1000 milliseconds and then loops again.
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In the ``||basic:forever||`` loop the temperature is collected from the @boardname@ sensor and stored in the ``temperature``variable. The temperature is displayed on the LED display. A radio signal is sent to all @boardname@ radios in group 99. The program pauses for `1000` milliseconds and then loops again.
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```blocks
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let temperature = 0
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})
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```
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#### Radio Receiver Code
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In the starting of the code the title is displayed, radio group 99 is setup, and the initial “temperature” variable is set to 0.
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#### Radio receiver code
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In the radio received event, the temperature is received from sending the microbit radio. The receive temperature is then displayed on the LED display. This is repeated whenever a radio signal is received.
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In the starting of the code the title is displayed, radio group `99` is setup, and the initial ``temperature`` variable is set to `0`.
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In the ``||radio:on radio received||`` event, the temperature is received from sending the @boardname@ radio. The receive temperature is then displayed on the LED display. This is repeated whenever a radio signal is received.
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```blocks
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let temperature = 0
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@ -111,9 +114,9 @@ radio.onDataPacketReceived( ({ receivedNumber: temperature }) => {
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})
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```
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#### Radio Receiver Code with Serial Write
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#### Radio receiver code with serial Write
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This code is the same as above but one additional line of code is added to write to the word “Celisus” and the temperature to the MakeCode app to the USB serial connection. This is the same as described in the previous “Microbit Windows 10 MakeCode app & a USB connection” section.
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This code is the same as above but one additional line of code is added to write to the word “Celisus” and the temperature to the MakeCode app to the USB serial connection. This is the same as described in the **Project 2** section above.
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```blocks
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let temperature = 0
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@ -127,19 +130,27 @@ radio.onDataPacketReceived( ({ receivedNumber: temperature }) => {
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## Extensions
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**Fahrenheit Conversion.** Modify the code so it returns temperature values in Fahrenheit. Formula: ``C = (F - 32) / (9/5)``
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### Fahrenheit conversion
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**Outdoor Weather Station.** Use a radio connection to collect and record the outside temperature.
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Modify the code so it returns temperature values in Fahrenheit. Formula: ``C = (F - 32) / (9/5)``.
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**Fridge or Deep Freeze Temperature Monitor.** Use a radio connection to collect and record the outside temperature. It could be set up so it only detects and reports the temperature every minute or a few times an hour. It could be setup to sound an alarm (play a musical sound) if the temperature were to rise above a certain level.
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### Outdoor weather station
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**Temperature at Different Elevations.** Several students could use micorbits to observe the temperature at different elevations where the live at set times to see if there are patterns in temperatures at different elevations or regions.
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Use a radio connection to collect and record the outside temperature.
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### Fridge or deep freeze temperature monitor
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Use a radio connection to collect and record the outside temperature. It could be set up so it only detects and reports the temperature every minute or a few times an hour. It could be setup to sound an alarm (play a musical sound) if the temperature were to rise above a certain level.
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### Temperature at different elevations
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Several students could use micorbits to observe the temperature at different elevations where the live at set times to see if there are patterns in temperatures at different elevations or regions.
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<br/>
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| Adapted from "[Electricity - Battery Tester](https://drive.google.com/open?id=15Xry9jFsIzHHG7RpaIomLodl9pBjTiKDvtjkd227b7Y)" by [C Lyman](http://utahcoding.org) | | [](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) |
|
||||
| Adapted from "[Temperature Data](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1X6FeANka2qcMC2ZFQgSSxEoHxsQc--6a0Pk9xxMOwE8)" by [C Lyman](http://utahcoding.org) | | [](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) |
|
||||
|
||||
```package
|
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radio
|
||||
|
||||
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