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# Seismograph Lesson
Build a seismograph with household materials
## Topic
Acceleration & Analog Read Pin
## Quick Links
* [activity](/lessons/seismograph/activity)
* [challenge](/lessons/seismograph/challenges)
## Prior learning/place of lesson in scheme of work
Learn how to **show LEDs** to turn on a LED light pattern on the LED screen. We will be learning basic comments such as show LEDs and pause.
## Documentation
```cards
basic.forever(() => {
});
led.plotBarGraph(input.acceleration(Dimension.Strength) - 1023, 0);
led.plotBarGraph(pins.analogReadPin(AnalogPin.P0), 0);
```
## Objectives
* learn how to repeat code forever in the background
* learn how to display a vertical bar graph based on the value.
* learn how to return the sum of the two numbers
* learn how to get acceleration value in milli-gravitys
* learn how to read the connector value as analog as a value comprised between 0 and 1023

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# Seismograph Activity
### ~avatar avatar
In this project, you will build your own seismograph.
## What you'll need:
* micro:bit
* USB cable
* Scissors
* Glue gun
* String
* Cup (Plastic or Paper)
* Magnet
Welcome! This activity will teach how to use the micro:bit to chart the strength of the acceleration. Let's get started!
1. Setup Cup: Use scissors to cut a usable window on the cup, which will be a square sized hole at the lid side of the cup. Use scissors to create a small hole in the center of the base of the cup.
2. Fasten Magnet: Fasten end of the string to the magnet with glue
3. Secure String: Fasten string to base of the cup and hang the remaining string outside the base of the cup.
### ~avatar avatar
Seismograph built, let's code!
### ~
4. Go to Codemicrobit.com
Click or tap Create Code
Click or tap Block Editor
### ~
5.
We will measure `acceleration (mg)` in terms of strength. Get the acceleration value (milli g-force), as measured in strength.
```blocks
input.acceleration(Dimension.Strength);
```
### ~
6.
Use the plot bar chart to visualize the acceleration on the LED screen of the micro:bit in the specified range. You implement plot Bar Graph to display a vertical bar graph based on the "value" and "high" value. Then you must insert acceleration in based on strength.
```blocks
basic.forever(() => {
led.plotBarGraph(input.acceleration(Dimension.Strength), 0);
});
```
### ~
7.
Finally, we subtract the gravity from acceleration strength.
```blocks
basic.forever(() => {
led.plotBarGraph(input.acceleration(Dimension.Strength) - 1023, 0);
});
```
### ~
8.
Notice that making vibrating the object below the micro:bit changes the values and the line appears as a wave to display the value of the strength as measured in milli-gravities. By making the object below the micro:bit vibrate, you will observe changing values of the micro:bit. Also, the LEDs shown on the Bar Graph fluctates based on the movement of the micro:bit strength.
NOTE: The black color reflects the micro:bit device.
![](/static/mb/data4.png)
### ~
9.
Vigorously move the micro:bit in the micro:bit simulatator by moving the micro:bit image from side to side. Every time the micro:bit moves in the x direction in the simulator, you are generating data points that can be reviewed in Excel. The more attempts to move the micro:bit from side to side, the more data being saved in Excel. After you have vigarously moved the micro:bit simulator from side to side for a sufficient amount of time, you are ready to graph or chart the accceleration of the micro:bit. We want a printout of our acceleration on Excel that can be graphed in Excel.
### ~
10.
We want to chart the data collected by using a tool in Excel.
The final part of this experiment is opening and reviewing the data in the Excel CSV file. Simply click on the line beneath the simulator. A CSV file will be generated to display the data points collected by moving the micro:bit in the X direction. Then click or tap on the data Excel file that was downloaded to your local Downloads Folder.
### ~
10.
First, click or tap on the first two columns (A, B) to include the time of the data being collected; b) the results of acceleration data on the micro:bit
![](/static/mb/data7.png)
Use the Recommended Charts command on the Insert tab to quickly create a chart that’s just right for your data.
* Select the data that you want to include in your chart.
* Click Insert > Recommended Charts.
### ~
11.
![](/static/mb/chart1.png)
* On the Recommended Charts tab, scroll through the list of chart types that Excel recommends for your data.
Click any chart type to see how your data will look in that format.
When you find the chart type that you want, click it, and then click OK. We want to select the chart called Line. A line chart is used to display trends over time. We will use the line chart because there are many data points over time.
Tip: If you don’t see a chart type that you want, click the All Charts tab to see all of the available chart types.
### ~
12.
![](/static/mb/chart_title.png)
* Use the Chart Elements, Chart Styles, and Chart Filters buttons next to the upper-right corner of the chart to add chart elements like axis titles or data labels, to customize the look of your chart
### ~
13.
![](/static/mb/elements_styles_filters.png)
* Connect a micro:bit to your computer using your USB cable; compile; and repeat this experiment by vibrating the micro:bit. Then chart the data on Excel.
### ~avatar avatar
Excellent, you're ready to continue with the [challenges](/lessons/seismograph/challenge)
### ~

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# Challenge
### ~avatar avatar
Welcome! The activity will teach you how to use the acceleration of the 1st micro:bit and to visualize the acceleration on the 2nd micro:bit. Let's get started!
### ~
Let's measure `acceleration (mg)` and then `send number`. `Acceleration` is measured in **milli-gravities**, so a value of -1000 is equivalent to -1g or -9.81m/s^2. We will be able to get the acceleration value (g-force), in the specified "x" dimension. `Send number` will broadcast a number data packet to other micro:bits connected via radio.
```blocks
radio.sendNumber(input.acceleration(Dimension.X));
```
### ~
We want to display the acceleration forever. In order to do so, we need a `forever` loop. A forever loop will repeat code in the background forever.
```blocks
basic.forever(() => {
radio.sendNumber(input.acceleration(Dimension.X));
});
```
### ~
We want to register code to run when a packet is received over radio. We can implement this code by adding `on data received`.
```blocks
basic.forever(() => {
radio.sendNumber(input.acceleration(Dimension.X))
})
radio.onDataReceived(() => {
})
```
### ~
Finally, we want to chart the acceleration. So we must first implement `plot bar graph`. `Plot Bar Graph` will display a vertical bar graph based on the value and high value. In order to transfer the receive the number from the 1st micro:bit, we must implement `receive number` to constantly display a vertical bar graph based on the value. Remember, the value will equal to the micro:bit's acceleration in the "x" direction.
```blocks
basic.forever(() => {
radio.sendNumber(input.acceleration(Dimension.X))
})
radio.onDataReceived(() => {
led.plotBarGraph(radio.receiveNumber(), 1023)
})
```
### ~
Notice that moving the micro:bit the farthest direction in the x direction will be -1023 on the charting beneath the simulator. The second observation will be that the LEDs will be full brightness on the 2nd micro:bit. There is a single LED turned on with the 1st micro:bit. Additionally, the graphs will reflect 0 acceleation for the 1st micro:bit. In this scenario, if you are adjusting the acceleration in the simualator, you are also changing your chart that will be produced.
![](/static/mb/acc.png)
### ~
NOTE: The colors of the charts reflect the color of the micro:bit simulator. In this instance, the micro:bits are blue and green. So the colors of the line graphs reflect the colors of the micro:bit
### ~
After running this simulatation several seconds by moving the micro:bit side to side in the x direction, you are ready to graph or chart the accceleration of the micro:bit. We want a printout of our acceleration on Excel. We will graph the fluctuating acceleration of the simulation experiment.
![](/static/mb/acc2.png)
### ~
Finally, you must open the Excel CSV file by clicking on the data.xls file that was downloaded to Downloads Folder.
![](/static/mb/data3.png)
Use the Recommended Charts command on the Insert tab to quickly create a chart that’s just right for your data.
* Select the data that you want to include in your chart.
* Click Insert > Recommended Charts.
![](/static/mb/chart1.png)
* On the Recommended Charts tab, scroll through the list of chart types that Excel recommends for your data.
Click any chart type to see how your data will look in that format.
When you find the chart type that you want, click it, and then click OK. We want to select the chart called Line. A line chart is used to display trends over time. We will use the line chart because there are many data points over time.
Tip: If you don’t see a chart type that you want, click the All Charts tab to see all of the available chart types.
![](/static/mb/chart_title.png)
* Use the Chart Elements, Chart Styles, and Chart Filters buttons next to the upper-right corner of the chart to add chart elements like axis titles or data labels, to customize the look of your chart
![](/static/mb/elements_styles_filters.png)
### ~
Have fun reviewing your simulation and analyze the acceleration by chart the Excel data using Excel.
* Connect the first micro:bit to your computer using your USB cable and run the charting script on it.
* Connect the second micro:bit to your computer using your USB cable and run the charting script on it.
* The first person and second person take turns tilting the micro:bit in the "x" direction while the other player charts the data on the micro:bit!
* Review and analyze the actual micro:bit device acceleration data on Excel
* Display acceleration with y or z using plot bar graph by changing acceleration from "x" to "y" or "z"