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..

120 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
00217305c2 0.3.16 2016-08-09 12:38:30 -07:00
85e8a70f76 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.21 2016-08-09 12:38:28 -07:00
bbdf27de5a adding pxt-neopixel to pre-populated package list 2016-08-09 11:02:23 -07:00
3e63d4083e update title 2016-08-09 10:27:39 -07:00
d1b8e3c752 added electron host 2016-08-09 09:55:37 -07:00
1164feb754 More snippet types 2016-08-09 16:55:43 +01:00
9ebd9d4f04 Add more snippet types for better detection 2016-08-09 16:52:24 +01:00
9fd2a3a3e6 Remove trailing whitespace 2016-08-09 16:39:50 +01:00
7f40889103 Add package info to mic docs (for testing) 2016-08-09 16:35:45 +01:00
ee37b4a959 Add package info to radio docs (for testing) 2016-08-09 16:28:08 +01:00
99d05ec91b Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/thomasdenney/pxt-microbit 2016-08-09 16:11:27 +01:00
412e5bd034 Fix doc comment 2016-08-09 16:10:53 +01:00
141420d337 Correct Bluetooth doc comment 2016-08-09 16:05:25 +01:00
084f83ba1b Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/thomasdenney/pxt-microbit 2016-08-09 15:13:35 +01:00
8601eff170 fixed snippets 2016-08-08 20:44:43 -07:00
5da4d74a2a adding messenger project 2016-08-08 18:12:34 -07:00
4215574a7c 0.3.15 2016-08-08 16:58:02 -07:00
da9d986a3e Bump pxt-core to 0.3.19 2016-08-08 16:58:00 -07:00
7481b9c24c call receiveNumber in onDataReceived to flush queue if needed (startup race)
fixed simulator issue when event onDataReceived gets raised
2016-08-08 16:54:43 -07:00
de5def8dde adding led.toggle as a block 2016-08-08 16:53:55 -07:00
dd011b977a wired up onPinReleased to simulator 2016-08-08 15:27:13 -07:00
20d0dd91ad added input.onPinRelease. Fix for #294 2016-08-08 15:23:18 -07:00
825c6d57e7 testing fr jsdoc transtions 2016-08-08 13:47:45 -07:00
b3edb81d3c adding URL for SEO 2016-08-08 13:08:15 -07:00
78089da134 0.3.14 2016-08-05 08:37:58 -07:00
3aef765d35 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.18 2016-08-05 08:37:56 -07:00
f4727f12c9 0.3.13 2016-08-04 10:10:03 -07:00
a36cb65aa5 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.17 2016-08-04 10:09:56 -07:00
3b16e59ee1 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/Microsoft/pxt-microbit 2016-08-04 10:09:42 -07:00
f2c43c74ac support for start/length in buffer methods 2016-08-04 08:42:47 -07:00
1c4c93dc60 0.3.12 2016-08-03 17:19:26 -07:00
d73847bfba Bump pxt-core to 0.3.15 2016-08-03 17:19:19 -07:00
4e46682489 keep older value longer 2016-08-02 15:35:33 -07:00
ab7aa00747 0.3.11 2016-08-02 13:25:13 -07:00
2bebb6056d Bump pxt-core to 0.3.14 2016-08-02 13:25:11 -07:00
22046c417c adding uservoice info 2016-08-02 13:18:07 -07:00
dc8afa6d45 0.3.10 2016-08-02 11:06:34 -07:00
22e2ab5ad9 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.13 2016-08-02 11:06:31 -07:00
f365726a8e fixed regfression in showleds
see 65594842fc
2016-08-02 11:04:49 -07:00
e329b3bd2e prepend all radio blocks with "radio" 2016-08-01 16:02:06 -07:00
d7b709e97b added screenshots 2016-08-01 16:01:45 -07:00
9714ec46e9 support page 2016-08-01 14:24:25 -07:00
20ef54f565 fixed win10 app 2016-08-01 14:23:40 -07:00
554df0bce9 0.3.9 2016-07-29 14:22:51 -07:00
6c89dddef6 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.12 2016-07-29 14:22:48 -07:00
23f91895f7 restore advanced section in reference 2016-07-29 14:19:21 -07:00
3f83cda087 mark serial messages as simulated 2016-07-29 13:42:21 -07:00
7e79635413 0.3.8 2016-07-29 10:49:38 -07:00
56e1cf91ac Bump pxt-core to 0.3.11 2016-07-29 10:49:36 -07:00
f9f96f33f0 0.3.7 2016-07-29 11:37:58 +01:00
0b33073be1 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.10 2016-07-29 11:37:57 +01:00
65594842fc Fix issue with multi digit numbers not scrolling all the way off screen as is the case on the physical pxt. 2016-07-28 15:54:10 -07:00
c6ed665f84 Fix for issue 176: basic.showNumber timing in the simulator
- updated basic.cpp::showNumber to use printChar instead of print.
2016-07-28 15:04:56 -07:00
79462deb24 Merge pull request #190 from Microsoft/microsoftsam/issue179
Fix for issue 179: Watch Challenges goes to Rock Paper Scissors instead of the challenges code
2016-07-28 14:21:18 -07:00
5c05f3e241 Fix for issue 179: Watch Challenges goes to Rock Paper Scissors instead of the challenges code 2016-07-28 13:13:33 -07:00
4f7dd75fbe Finished animation API 2016-07-28 12:16:18 -07:00
338e507b51 temporary fix for reference 2016-07-28 12:03:03 -07:00
601231a5dc 0.3.6 2016-07-28 11:54:23 -07:00
f0850336e5 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.9 2016-07-28 11:54:18 -07:00
a6b2187ec5 Edited advanced page 2016-07-28 10:56:37 -07:00
28ae4f4230 better board name detection 2016-07-28 10:22:05 -07:00
09933b6a8d advanced section 2016-07-28 09:15:31 -07:00
45bb6e7cb3 0.3.5 2016-07-28 12:47:58 +01:00
33c234a87e Bump pxt-core to 0.3.8 2016-07-28 12:47:57 +01:00
e9aa343d67 0.3.4 2016-07-28 11:51:44 +01:00
d83039430c Bump pxt-core to 0.3.7 2016-07-28 11:51:43 +01:00
5b2e877aef Merge branch 'master' of github.com:Microsoft/pxt-microbit 2016-07-28 11:49:04 +01:00
c5b28f5b8e Document testing 2016-07-28 11:47:45 +01:00
e765021bf9 Compile lang-tests to binary 2016-07-28 11:38:35 +01:00
dbcd9e535c Get generic part of lang-test from pxt-core package 2016-07-28 11:35:17 +01:00
cff88d67ad Update README.md 2016-07-27 13:48:57 -07:00
3f241e8bc9 Merge pull request #180 from Microsoft/snippetfixes
Fixes to documentation snippets
2016-07-27 13:30:39 -07:00
69c3d2d249 Update README.md 2016-07-27 13:28:57 -07:00
bc04d30595 some updates to setup instructions 2016-07-27 13:15:30 -07:00
63a26835b1 Format code 2016-07-27 19:32:58 +01:00
79113115e0 docs update 2016-07-27 10:57:18 -07:00
573ed7f6f2 updated localization strings in bundled packages 2016-07-27 08:42:58 -07:00
61da1032d6 0.3.3 2016-07-27 07:26:24 -07:00
36d455c693 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.5 2016-07-27 07:26:20 -07:00
42c766b6d7 updated shim definition 2016-07-26 16:17:54 -07:00
6f00384891 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/Microsoft/pxt-microbit 2016-07-26 13:52:01 -07:00
8440f7c763 adding "pin is pressed" block 2016-07-26 13:51:41 -07:00
8a8e864f99 fix reference section 2016-07-26 14:18:44 -04:00
7a3402b782 add FAQ for language 2016-07-26 14:10:41 -04:00
5e9a5b29f4 fix formatting problem 2016-07-26 14:10:41 -04:00
aff9d1ee60 clean up docs 2016-07-26 09:03:42 -07:00
8add7e8efb updated radio strings / docs page 2016-07-26 08:47:45 -07:00
e7dfd0531b 0.3.2 2016-07-26 13:12:48 +01:00
d2b1f70ce2 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.2 2016-07-26 13:12:48 +01:00
fbf7513c44 0.3.1 2016-07-26 13:03:23 +01:00
e9bdc26d15 Bump to 0.3 2016-07-26 13:03:15 +01:00
52fafe9359 0.2.188 2016-07-26 12:59:11 +01:00
971dca6c96 0.2.187 2016-07-26 12:58:47 +01:00
a761c27b19 Bump pxt-core to 0.3.1 2016-07-26 12:58:47 +01:00
a062a85c7f Merge branch 'master' of github.com:Microsoft/pxt-microbit 2016-07-26 12:46:24 +01:00
a9865a731a Moved to separate repos 2016-07-26 12:41:30 +01:00
ba4095ac9c fix problem with semis 2016-07-26 00:45:39 -04:00
8606a00701 remove link to pxt 2016-07-26 00:37:14 -04:00
bf57ba2902 link to PXT 2016-07-25 20:05:27 -04:00
4cd61cd96a delete lang.md 2016-07-25 17:01:37 -04:00
c4139a862f some doc fixes 2016-07-25 17:00:51 -04:00
ca3cd1de22 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/Microsoft/pxt-microbit
# Conflicts:
#	package.json
2016-07-25 16:53:33 -04:00
d7f22bc8e6 fix broken link 2016-07-25 11:33:14 -07:00
28b28d0b52 Change array declaration for first snippet in headbands 2016-07-25 11:11:51 +01:00
0ee2b285c0 Deleted list of bad snippets 2016-07-25 11:10:01 +01:00
d5cb085264 Rename function call in number documentation 2016-07-25 11:01:10 +01:00
c055a5d329 Syntax fixes to LED plotting docs 2016-07-25 11:00:34 +01:00
8fe8b78f4c Syntax fixes for hero lesson 2016-07-25 10:39:02 +01:00
f627f125c0 Syntax fixes for headbands lesson 2016-07-25 10:35:15 +01:00
7d3254477a Fix case of math in documentation snippet 2016-07-25 10:22:15 +01:00
3149ed4c1d Line numbers 2016-07-25 10:15:35 +01:00
baeafcdebe List of all snippets with errors 2016-07-25 09:39:34 +01:00
12754acc54 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/Microsoft/pxt-microbit 2016-07-22 15:14:50 -07:00
329baaf9a4 0.2.192 2016-07-22 17:07:29 +01:00
47efcfb41f Bump pxt-core to 0.2.202 2016-07-22 17:07:29 +01:00
e2d1b8a55c Run tests 2016-07-22 17:06:56 +01:00
57dc26a127 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/Microsoft/pxt-microbit 2016-07-22 07:15:57 -07:00
05098252ed slightly more impressive about example 2016-07-21 15:32:59 -07:00
1f32a4851e Bump pxt-core to 0.2.195 2016-07-20 15:37:26 -07:00
e942fb5733 Minor linting changes 2016-07-18 10:12:00 +01:00
122 changed files with 2017 additions and 2156 deletions

3
.gitignore vendored
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@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ typings
tmp
temp
projects/**
clients/win10/app/AppPackages
clients/win10/app/BundlePackages
clients/win10/app/BundleArtifacts
clients/win10/app/bin
clients/win10/app/bld
clients/win10/*.opendb

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@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ node_js:
script:
- "node node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js travis"
- "(cd libs/lang-test0; node ../../node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js run)"
- "(cd libs/lang-test1; node ../../node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js run)"
- "(cd libs/lang-test0; node ../../node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js test)"
- "(cd libs/lang-test1; node ../../node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js test)"
- "node node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js testdir tests"
- "node node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js uploaddoc"
- "(cd libs/hello; node ../../node_modules/pxt-core/built/pxt.js testconv https://az851932.vo.msecnd.net/files/td-converter-tests-v0.json)"
sudo: false

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@ -9,12 +9,19 @@ PXT ([Microsoft Programming Experience Toolkit](https://github.com/Microsoft/pxt
## Local server
The local server allows to run the editor and the documentation from your computer.
### Setup
The following commands are a 1-time setup after synching the repo on your machine.
* clone this repo to your computer
* install the PXT command line
* if not yet installed, install [Node.js 4.4.5 or higher](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)
* [clone this repo](https://help.github.com/articles/cloning-a-repository/) to your computer and go in the project folder
```
git clone https://github.com/microsoft/pxt-microbit
cd pxt-microbit
```
* install the PXT command line (add ``sudo`` for Mac/Linux shells).
```
npm install -g pxt
```
@ -37,7 +44,9 @@ If you need modify the `.cpp` files, turn on yotta compilation with the ``-yt``
pxt serve -yt
```
To make sure you're running the latest tools, run (add ``sudo`` for Mac/Linux shells)
## Updates
To update your PXT version and make sure you're running the latest tools, run (add ``sudo`` for Mac/Linux shells)
```
pxt update
```
@ -54,6 +63,23 @@ that wraps ``codethemicrobit.com`` and provides additional features.
* Install Visual Studio 2015 Update 2 or higher. Make sure the Windows 10 templates are installed.
* open the ``win10/app.sln`` solution and launch the ``codethemicrobit`` project.
## Testing
The build automatically runs the following:
* make sure the built-in packages compile
* `pxt run` in `libs/lang-test*` - this will run the test in command line runner;
there is a number of asserts in both of these
* `pxt testdir` in `tests` - this makes sure all the files compile and generates .hex files
* run the TD->TS converter on a number of test scripts from `microbit.co.uk` and make sure the results compile
To test something on the device:
* do a `pxt deploy` in `libs/lang-test*` - they should show `1` or `2` on the screen (and not unhappy face)
* run `pxt testdir` in `tests` and deploy some of the hex files from `tests/built`
The `lang-test0` source comes from the `pxt-core` package. It's also tested with `pxt run` there.
## Code of Conduct
This project has adopted the [Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/). For more information see the [Code of Conduct FAQ](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/faq/) or contact [opencode@microsoft.com](mailto:opencode@microsoft.com) with any additional questions or comments.

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clients/electron/main.js Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
const electron = require('electron')
// Module to control application life.
const app = electron.app
// Module to create native browser window.
const BrowserWindow = electron.BrowserWindow
// Keep a global reference of the window object, if you don't, the window will
// be closed automatically when the JavaScript object is garbage collected.
let mainWindow
function createWindow () {
// Create the browser window.
mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600})
// no menu
mainWindow.setMenu(null);
// and load the index.html of the app.
mainWindow.loadURL(`http://localhost:3232/#local_token=08ba9b8f-6ccb-4202-296d-28fac7a553d9`)
// Open the DevTools.
mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools()
// Emitted when the window is closed.
mainWindow.on('closed', function () {
// Dereference the window object, usually you would store windows
// in an array if your app supports multi windows, this is the time
// when you should delete the corresponding element.
mainWindow = null
})
}
// This method will be called when Electron has finished
// initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
// Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
app.on('ready', createWindow)
// Quit when all windows are closed.
app.on('window-all-closed', function () {
// On OS X it is common for applications and their menu bar
// to stay active until the user quits explicitly with Cmd + Q
if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
app.quit()
}
})
app.on('activate', function () {
// On OS X it's common to re-create a window in the app when the
// dock icon is clicked and there are no other windows open.
if (mainWindow === null) {
createWindow()
}
})
// In this file you can include the rest of your app's specific main process
// code. You can also put them in separate files and require them here.

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@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
{
"name": "codethemicrobit",
"version": "0.1.0",
"description": "A Blocks / JavaScript editor for the micro:bit",
"main": "main.js",
"scripts": {
"start": "electron ."
},
"author": "Microsoft",
"license": "MIT",
"devDependencies": {
"electron-prebuilt": "^1.2.0"
}
}

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@ -20,22 +20,18 @@
<ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|AnyCPU">
<Configuration>Release</Configuration>
<Platform>AnyCPU</Platform>
<UseDotNetNativeToolchain>true</UseDotNetNativeToolchain>
</ProjectConfiguration>
<ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|ARM">
<Configuration>Release</Configuration>
<Platform>ARM</Platform>
<UseDotNetNativeToolchain>true</UseDotNetNativeToolchain>
</ProjectConfiguration>
<ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
<Configuration>Release</Configuration>
<Platform>x64</Platform>
<UseDotNetNativeToolchain>true</UseDotNetNativeToolchain>
</ProjectConfiguration>
<ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x86">
<Configuration>Release</Configuration>
<Platform>x86</Platform>
<UseDotNetNativeToolchain>true</UseDotNetNativeToolchain>
</ProjectConfiguration>
</ItemGroup>
<PropertyGroup Label="Globals">

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@ -28,11 +28,12 @@ export function deployCoreAsync(res: ts.pxt.CompileResult) {
function getBitDrivesAsync(): Promise<string[]> {
if (process.platform == "win32") {
let rx = new RegExp("^([A-Z]:).* " + pxt.appTarget.compile.deployDrives)
return execAsync("wmic PATH Win32_LogicalDisk get DeviceID, VolumeName, FileSystem")
.then(buf => {
let res: string[] = []
buf.toString("utf8").split(/\n/).forEach(ln => {
let m = /^([A-Z]:).* MICROBIT/.exec(ln)
let m = rx.exec(ln)
if (m) {
res.push(m[1] + "/")
}
@ -41,8 +42,9 @@ function getBitDrivesAsync(): Promise<string[]> {
})
}
else if (process.platform == "darwin") {
let rx = new RegExp(pxt.appTarget.compile.deployDrives)
return readDirAsync("/Volumes")
.then(lst => lst.filter(s => /MICROBIT/.test(s)).map(s => "/Volumes/" + s + "/"))
.then(lst => lst.filter(s => rx.test(s)).map(s => "/Volumes/" + s + "/"))
} else {
return Promise.resolve([])
}

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@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ Learn about the [hardware components](/device) of the micro:bit to make the most
You can program the micro:bit using [Blocks](/blocks) or [JavaScript](/javascript), via the [micro:bit APIs](/reference):
```blocks
basic.showString("Hi!");
input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
basic.showString("Hi!");
})
```
## Compile and Flash: Your Program!

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@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ if (led.point(1,1) && led.point(2,2)) {
When you compare two Numbers, you get a Boolean value, such as the comparison `x < 5` in the code below:
```blocks
let x = math.random(5)
let x = Math.random(5)
if(x < 5) {
basic.showString("low");
} else {

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@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ basic.showNumber(counter);
To change the contents of a variable use the assignment operator. The following code sets `counter` to 1 and then increments `counter` by 10:
```blocks
```blocks
let counter = 1;
counter = counter + 10;
basic.showNumber(counter);

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@ -48,21 +48,21 @@ The micro:bits *scheduler* provides the capability to concurrently execute di
The first job of the scheduler is to allow multiple *subprograms* to be queued up for later execution . For our purposes, a subprogram is just a statement or sequence of statements in the context of a larger program. Consider the Touch Develop program below for counting button presses.
```
```blocks
export function countButtonPresses() {
let count = 0
input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
count = count + 1
})
basic.forever(() => {
basic.showNumber(count, 150)
})
count = 0
}
```
The program above contains three statements that execute in order from top to bottom. The first statement
```
```blocks
input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
count = count + 1
})
@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
informs the scheduler that on each and every event of the A button being pressed, a subprogram (called the event handler) should be queued for execution. The event handler is demarcated by the do/end keywords; it increments the global variable `count` by one. The second statement
```
```blocks
basic.forever(() => {
basic.showNumber(count, 150)
})
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ basic.forever(() => {
queues a `forever` loop for later execution by the scheduler; the body of this loop (between the do/end keywords) displays the current value of global variable `count` on the LED screen. The third statement
```
```blocks
count = 0
```
@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ Through this example, we have seen that the micro:bit scheduler enables you to c
As a result, you can easily add a new capability to the micro:bit by just adding a new subprogram. For example, if you want to add a reset feature to the counter program, all you need to do is add a new event handler for a press of button B that sets the global variable "count" to zero, as shown below:
```
```blocks
export function countButtonPressesWithReset() {
input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
count = count + 1

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@ -1,15 +1,36 @@
# JavaScript
# JavaScript and TypeScript
If you already know some JavaScript, you might be interested in [the JavaScript and TypeScript languages](/js/lang).
Otherwise, visit the cards below to starting programming JavaScript with the micro:bit:
Visit the cards below to starting programming JavaScript and TypeScript with the micro:bit:
```codecard
[{
"name": "Calling Functions",
"url":"/js/call"
"name": "Calling",
"url": "/js/call"
},{
"name": "Sequencing Commands",
"url":"/js/sequence"
"name": "Sequencing",
"url": "/js/sequence"
},{
"name": "Variables",
"url": "/js/variables"
},{
"name": "Operators",
"url": "/js/operators"
},{
"name": "Statements",
"url": "/js/statements"
},{
"name": "Functions",
"url": "/js/functions"
},{
"name": "Types",
"url": "/js/types"
},{
"name": "Classes",
"url": "/js/classes"
},{
"name": "FAQ",
"url": "/js/faq"
}
]
```
```

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@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
The simplest way to get started in JavaScript with your micro:bit is to
call one of the micro:bit's built-in JavaScript functions. Just like Blocks
are organized into categories/drawers, the micro:bit functions are organized by
namespaces, with names corresponding to the drawer names.
The `basic` namespace contains a number of very helpful functions:
namespaces, with names corresponding to the drawer names. The `basic` namespace
contains a number of helpful functions, such as:
```typescript
basic.showString("Hello!")

268
docs/js/classes.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
# Classes
Traditional JavaScript focuses on functions and prototype-based inheritance as the basic means of building up reusable components,
but this may feel a bit awkward to programmers more comfortable with an object-oriented approach, where classes inherit functionality
and objects are built from these classes.
Starting with ECMAScript 2015, also known as ECMAScript 6, JavaScript programmers will be able to build their applications using
this object-oriented class-based approach. TypeScript, allows you to use these techniques now, compiling them
down to JavaScript that works across all major browsers and platforms, without having to wait for the next version of JavaScript.
Let's take a look at a simple class-based example:
```ts
class Greeter {
greeting: string;
constructor(message: string) {
this.greeting = message;
}
greet() {
return "Hello, " + this.greeting;
}
}
let greeter = new Greeter("world");
```
We declare a new class `Greeter`. This class has three members: a property called `greeting`, a constructor, and a method `greet`.
You'll notice that in the class when we refer to one of the members of the class we prepend `this.`.
This denotes that it's a member access.
In the last line we construct an instance of the `Greeter` class using `new`.
This calls into the constructor we defined earlier, creating a new object with the `Greeter` shape, and running the constructor to initialize it.
# Inheritance
### ~hint
### Inheritance is not supported yet for the micro:bit. Coming soon...
### ~
In TypeScript, we can use common object-oriented patterns.
Of course, one of the most fundamental patterns in class-based programming is being able to extend existing classes to create new ones using inheritance.
Let's take a look at an example:
```ts
class Animal {
name: string;
constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
move(distanceInMeters: number = 0) {
console.log(`${this.name} moved ${distanceInMeters}m.`);
}
}
class Snake extends Animal {
constructor(name: string) { super(name); }
move(distanceInMeters = 5) {
console.log("Slithering...");
super.move(distanceInMeters);
}
}
class Horse extends Animal {
constructor(name: string) { super(name); }
move(distanceInMeters = 45) {
console.log("Galloping...");
super.move(distanceInMeters);
}
}
let sam = new Snake("Sammy the Python");
let tom: Animal = new Horse("Tommy the Palomino");
sam.move();
tom.move(34);
```
This example covers quite a few of the inheritance features in TypeScript that are common to other languages.
Here we see the `extends` keywords used to create a subclass.
You can see this where `Horse` and `Snake` subclass the base class `Animal` and gain access to its features.
Derived classes that contain constructor functions must call `super()` which will execute the constructor function on the base class.
The example also shows how to override methods in the base class with methods that are specialized for the subclass.
Here both `Snake` and `Horse` create a `move` method that overrides the `move` from `Animal`, giving it functionality specific to each class.
Note that even though `tom` is declared as an `Animal`, since its value is a `Horse`, when `tom.move(34)` calls the overriding method in `Horse`:
```Text
Slithering...
Sammy the Python moved 5m.
Galloping...
Tommy the Palomino moved 34m.
```
# Public, private, and protected modifiers
## Public by default
In our examples, we've been able to freely access the members that we declared throughout our programs.
If you're familiar with classes in other languages, you may have noticed in the above examples
we haven't had to use the word `public` to accomplish this; for instance,
C# requires that each member be explicitly labeled `public` to be visible.
In TypeScript, each member is `public` by default.
You may still mark a member `public` explicitly.
We could have written the `Animal` class from the previous section in the following way:
```ts
class Animal {
public name: string;
public constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
public move(distanceInMeters: number) {
console.log(`${this.name} moved ${distanceInMeters}m.`);
}
}
```
## Understanding `private`
When a member is marked `private`, it cannot be accessed from outside of its containing class. For example:
```ts
class Animal {
private name: string;
constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
}
new Animal("Cat").name; // Error: 'name' is private;
```
TypeScript is a structural type system.
When we compare two different types, regardless of where they came from, if the types of all members are compatible, then we say the types themselves are compatible.
However, when comparing types that have `private` and `protected` members, we treat these types differently.
For two types to be considered compatible, if one of them has a `private` member,
then the other must have a `private` member that originated in the same declaration.
The same applies to `protected` members.
Let's look at an example to better see how this plays out in practice:
```ts
class Animal {
private name: string;
constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
}
class Rhino extends Animal {
constructor() { super("Rhino"); }
}
class Employee {
private name: string;
constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
}
let animal = new Animal("Goat");
let rhino = new Rhino();
let employee = new Employee("Bob");
animal = rhino;
animal = employee; // Error: 'Animal' and 'Employee' are not compatible
```
In this example, we have an `Animal` and a `Rhino`, with `Rhino` being a subclass of `Animal`.
We also have a new class `Employee` that looks identical to `Animal` in terms of shape.
We create some instances of these classes and then try to assign them to each other to see what will happen.
Because `Animal` and `Rhino` share the `private` side of their shape from the same declaration of
`private name: string` in `Animal`, they are compatible. However, this is not the case for `Employee`.
When we try to assign from an `Employee` to `Animal` we get an error that these types are not compatible.
Even though `Employee` also has a `private` member called `name`, it's not the one we declared in `Animal`.
## Understanding `protected`
The `protected` modifier acts much like the `private` modifier with the exception that members
declared `protected` can also be accessed by instances of deriving classes. For example,
```ts
class Person {
protected name: string;
constructor(name: string) { this.name = name; }
}
class Employee extends Person {
private department: string;
constructor(name: string, department: string) {
super(name);
this.department = department;
}
public getElevatorPitch() {
return `Hello, my name is ${this.name} and I work in ${this.department}.`;
}
}
let howard = new Employee("Howard", "Sales");
console.log(howard.getElevatorPitch());
console.log(howard.name); // error
```
Notice that while we can't use `name` from outside of `Person`,
we can still use it from within an instance method of `Employee` because `Employee` derives from `Person`.
A constructor may also be marked `protected`.
This means that the class cannot be instantiated outside of its containing class, but can be extended. For example,
```ts
class Person {
protected name: string;
protected constructor(theName: string) { this.name = theName; }
}
// Employee can extend Person
class Employee extends Person {
private department: string;
constructor(name: string, department: string) {
super(name);
this.department = department;
}
public getElevatorPitch() {
return `Hello, my name is ${this.name} and I work in ${this.department}.`;
}
}
let howard = new Employee("Howard", "Sales");
let john = new Person("John"); // Error: The 'Person' constructor is protected
```
# Readonly modifier
You can make properties readonly by using the `readonly` keyword.
Readonly properties must be initialized at their declaration or in the constructor.
```ts
class Octopus {
readonly name: string;
readonly numberOfLegs: number = 8;
constructor (theName: string) {
this.name = theName;
}
}
let dad = new Octopus("Man with the 8 strong legs");
dad.name = "Man with the 3-piece suit"; // error! name is readonly.
```
## Parameter properties
In our last example, we had to declare a readonly member `name` and a constructor parameter `theName` in the `Octopus` class, and we then immediately set `name` to `theName`.
This turns out to be a very common practice.
*Parameter properties* let you create and initialize a member in one place.
Here's a further revision of the previous `Octopus` class using a parameter property:
```ts
class Octopus {
readonly numberOfLegs: number = 8;
constructor(readonly name: string) {
}
}
```
Notice how we dropped `theName` altogether and just use the shortened `readonly name: string` parameter on the constructor to create and initialize the `name` member.
We've consolidated the declarations and assignment into one location.
Parameter properties are declared by prefixing a constructor parameter with an accessibility modifier or `readonly`, or both.
Using `private` for a parameter property declares and initializes a private member; likewise, the same is done for `public`, `protected`, and `readonly`.

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# Frequently asked questions
# What is the language supported for the micro:bit?
For the micro:bit, we support a "static" subset of TypeScript (itself a superset of JavaScript):
## Supported language features
* variables with `let`, `const`, and `var`
* functions with lexical scoping and recursion
* top-level code in the file; hello world really is `console.log("Hello world")`
* `if ... else if ... else` statements
* `while` and `do ... while` loops
* `for(;;)` loops (see below about `for ... in/of`)
* `break/continue`; also with labeled loops
* `switch` statement (on numbers only)
* `debugger` statement for breakpoints
* conditional operator `? :`; lazy boolean operators
* namespaces (a form of modules)
* all arithmetic operators (including bitwise operators); note that in microcontroller targets
all arithmetic is performed on integers, also when simulating in the browser
* strings (with a few common methods)
* [string templates](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Template_literals) (`` `x is ${x}` ``)
* arrow functions `() => ...`
* classes with fields, methods and constructors; `new` keyword
* array literals `[1, 2, 3]`
* enums
## Unsupported language features
We generally stay away from the more dynamic parts of JavaScript.
Things you may miss and we may implement:
* exceptions (`throw`, `try ... catch`, `try ... finally`)
* `for ... of` statements
* object literals `{ foo: 1, bar: "two" }`
* method-like properties (get/set accessors)
* class inheritance
For JS-only targets we may implement the following:
* regular expressions
* classes implementing interfaces
Things that we are not very likely to implement:
* file-based modules (`import * from ...`, `module.exports` etc); we do support namespaces
* spread operator
* `yield` expression and ``function*``
* `await` expression and `async function`
* `typeof` expression
* tagged templates ``tag `text ${expression} more text` ``; regular templates are supported
* binding with arrays or objects: `let [a, b] = ...; let { x, y } = ...`
* `with` statement
* `eval`
* `delete` statement
* `for ... in` statements
* JSX (HTML as part of JavaScript)

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# Functions
Functions are the fundamental building block of programs. Here is the simplest
way to make a function that adds two numbers:
```ts
// Named function
function add(x : number, y : number) {
return x + y;
}
basic.showNumber(add(1, 2))
```
### ~ hint
For the micro:bit, you must specify a [type](/js/types) for each function parameter.
### ~
Functions can refer to variables outside of the function body.
When they do so, they're said to `capture` these variables.
```ts
let z = 100;
function addToZ(x: number, y: number) {
return x + y + z;
}
basic.showNumber(addToZ(1, 2))
```
## Typing the function
Let's add a return type to our add function:
```ts
function add(x: number, y: number): number {
return x + y;
}
```
TypeScript can figure the return type out by looking at the return statements, so you can optionally leave this off in many cases.
# Optional and Default Parameters
In TypeScript, the number of arguments given to a function has to match the number of parameters the function expects.
```ts
function buildName(firstName: string, lastName: string) {
return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
let result1 = buildName("Bob"); // error, too few parameters
let result2 = buildName("Bob", "Adams", "Sr."); // error, too many parameters
let result3 = buildName("Bob", "Adams"); // ah, just right
```
In JavaScript, every parameter is optional, and users may leave them off as they see fit.
When they do, their value is `undefined`.
We can get this functionality in TypeScript by adding a `?` to the end of parameters we want to be optional.
For example, let's say we want the last name parameter from above to be optional:
```ts
function buildName(firstName: string, lastName?: string) {
if (lastName)
return firstName + " " + lastName;
else
return firstName;
}
let result1 = buildName("Bob"); // works correctly now
let result2 = buildName("Bob", "Adams", "Sr."); // error, too many parameters
let result3 = buildName("Bob", "Adams"); // ah, just right
```
Any optional parameters must follow required parameters.
Had we wanted to make the first name optional rather than the last name, we would need to change the order of parameters in the function, putting the first name last in the list.
In TypeScript, we can also set a value that a parameter will be assigned if the user does not provide one, or if the user passes `undefined` in its place.
These are called default-initialized parameters.
Let's take the previous example and default the last name to `"Smith"`.
```ts
function buildName(firstName: string, lastName = "Smith") {
return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
let result1 = buildName("Bob"); // works correctly now, returns "Bob Smith"
let result2 = buildName("Bob", undefined); // still works, also returns "Bob Smith"
let result3 = buildName("Bob", "Adams", "Sr."); // error, too many parameters
let result4 = buildName("Bob", "Adams"); // ah, just right
```
Default-initialized parameters that come after all required parameters are treated as optional, and just like optional parameters, can be omitted when calling their respective function.
This means optional parameters and trailing default parameters will share commonality in their types, so both
```ts
function buildName(firstName: string, lastName?: string) {
// ...
}
```
and
```ts
function buildName(firstName: string, lastName = "Smith") {
// ...
}
```
share the same type `(firstName: string, lastName?: string) => string`.
The default value of `lastName` disappears in the type, only leaving behind the fact that the parameter is optional.
Unlike plain optional parameters, default-initialized parameters don't *need* to occur after required parameters.
If a default-initialized parameter comes before a required parameter, users need to explicitly pass `undefined` to get the default initialized value.
For example, we could write our last example with only a default initializer on `firstName`:
```ts
function buildName(firstName = "Will", lastName: string) {
return firstName + " " + lastName;
}
let result1 = buildName("Bob"); // error, too few parameters
let result2 = buildName("Bob", "Adams", "Sr."); // error, too many parameters
let result3 = buildName("Bob", "Adams"); // okay and returns "Bob Adams"
let result4 = buildName(undefined, "Adams"); // okay and returns "Will Adams"
```
# Rest Parameters
Required, optional, and default parameters all have one thing in common: they talk about one parameter at a time.
Sometimes, you want to work with multiple parameters as a group, or you may not know how many parameters a function will ultimately take.
In JavaScript, you can work with the arguments directly using the `arguments` variable that is visible inside every function body.
In TypeScript, you can gather these arguments together into a variable:
```ts
function buildName(firstName: string, ...restOfName: string[]) {
return firstName + " " + restOfName.join(" ");
}
let employeeName = buildName("Joseph", "Samuel", "Lucas", "MacKinzie");
```
*Rest parameters* are treated as a boundless number of optional parameters.
When passing arguments for a rest parameter, you can use as many as you want; you can even pass none.
The compiler will build an array of the arguments passed in with the name given after the ellipsis (`...`), allowing you to use it in your function.
The ellipsis is also used in the type of the function with rest parameters:
```ts
function buildName(firstName: string, ...restOfName: string[]) {
return firstName + " " + restOfName.join(" ");
}
let buildNameFun: (fname: string, ...rest: string[]) => string = buildName;
```
### ~button /js/types
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### ~

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# JavaScript and TypeScript
You can write micro:bit programs in a subset of [TypeScript](https://www.typescriptlang.org), a superset of JavaScript.
Many micro:bit programs, especially at the beginner's level, are just plain JavaScript. TypeScript introduces class-based
object-oriented programming, such as:
```typescript
class Greeter {
greeting: string;
constructor(message: string) {
this.greeting = message;
}
greet() {
return "Hello, " + this.greeting;
}
}
let greeter = new Greeter("world");
basic.showString(greeter.greet())
```
This site is meant for teaching programming first, and JavaScript second. For this
reason, we have stayed away from concepts that are specific to JavaScript (for
example, prototype inheritance), and instead focused on ones common to most
modern programming languages (for example, loops, lexically scoped variables,
functions, classes, lambdas).
We leverage TypeScript's [type inference](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/type-inference.html) so that
students need not specify types when clear from context.
## Supported language features
* top-level code in the file: "Hello world!" really is just `basic.showString("Hello world!")`
* [basic types](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/basic-types.html)
* [variable declarations](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/variable-declarations.html): `let`, `const`, and `var`
* [functions](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/functions.html) with lexical scoping and recursion
### User-defined types and modules
* [classes](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/classes.html) with fields, methods and constructors; `new` keyword
* [enums](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/enums.html)
* [namespaces](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/namespaces.html) (a form of modules)
### Control-flow constructs
* `if ... else if ... else` statements
* `while` and `do ... while` loops
* `for(;;)` loops (see below about `for ... in/of`)
* `break/continue`; also with labeled loops
* `switch` statement (on numbers only)
* `debugger` statement for breakpoints
### Expressions
* conditional operator `? :`; lazy boolean operators
* all arithmetic operators (including bitwise operators); note that in microcontroller targets
all arithmetic is performed on integers, also when simulating in the browser
* strings (with a few common methods)
* [string templates](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Template_literals) (`` `x is ${x}` ``)
* arrow functions `() => ...`
* array literals `[1, 2, 3]`
## Unsupported language features
We generally stay away from the more dynamic parts of JavaScript.
Things you may miss and we may implement:
* exceptions (`throw`, `try ... catch`, `try ... finally`)
* `for ... of` statements
* object literals `{ foo: 1, bar: "two" }`
* method-like properties (get/set accessors)
* class inheritance
If there is something you'd like to see, please file an issue at [GitHub](http://github.com/microsoft/pxt/issues).

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## Operators
The following JavaScript operators are supported for the micro:bit.
### ~hint
Note that for the micro:bit all arithmetic is performed on integers, rather than floating point.
This also is true when simulating in the browser.
### ~
# Assignment, arithmetic and bitwise
* assignment operators - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/operators/assignment_operators)
* arithmetic operators - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/operators/arithmetic_operators)
* bitwise operators - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/operators/bitwise_operators)
# Comparision and conditional
* comparison operators - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/operators/comparison_operators)
* conditional operator - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/operators/conditional_operator)
## More
* lambda functions `() => { ... }`
* array literals `[1, 2, 3]`
* strings, with a few common methods
* [string templates](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Template_literals) (`` `x is ${x}` ``)
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### ~

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# Sequencing commands
# Sequencing
By calling one function after another, you can create an animation:
By calling one function after another, in sequence, you can create an animation:
```typescript
basic.showLeds(`
@ -9,17 +9,55 @@ basic.showLeds(`
. . # . .
# . . . #
. # # # .
`)
`);
basic.showLeds(`
. # . # .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. # # # .
# . . . #
`)
`);
```
## The Semicolon
### The semicolon
Coming soon...
In JavaScript, the semicolon (;) is used to terminate (or end) a statement. However, in most
cases, the semicolon is optional and can be omitted. So both code sequences below are
legal:
```typescript
basic.showNumber(1)
basic.showNumber(2)
```
```typescript
basic.showNumber(1);
basic.showNumber(2);
```
### The empty statement
In JavaScript, there is the concept of an *empty statement*, which is whitespace followed by
a semicolon in the context where a statement is expected.
So, the following code is an infinite loop
followed by a call to `showNumber` that will never execute:
```typescript
while(true) ;
basic.showNumber(1);
```
### ~hint
For the micro:bit, we don't allow a program to contain an empty statement, such as shown above.
If you really want an empty statement, you need to use curly braces to delimit an empty statement block:
```typescript
while(true) { }
basic.showNumber(1);
```
### ~
[Read more](http://inimino.org/~inimino/blog/javascript_semicolons) about semicolons in JavaScript.
### ~button /js/variables
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### ~

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# Statements
The following JavaScript statements are supported for the micro:bit:
## Variable declarations
* `const` statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/const)
* `let` statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/let)
* `var` statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/var)
## Block-structured statements
* `{ }` block statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/block)
* `if-else` conditional statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/if...else)
* `while` loop - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/do...while)
* `do-while` loop - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/do...while)
* `for(;;)` loop - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/for)
* `switch` statement (on numbers only) - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/switch)
## Control-flow commands
* `break` statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/break)
* `continue` statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/continue)
* `return` statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/return)
* `debugger` statement for breakpoints - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/debugger)
## Labelling statements
* labelled statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/label)
* `default` statement - [read more](http://devdocs.io/javascript/statements/default)
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### ~

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# Types
For programs to be useful, we need to be able to work with some of the simplest units of data:
numbers, strings, structures, boolean values, and the like.
# Boolean
The most basic datatype is the simple true/false value, which is called a `boolean` value.
```ts
let isDone: boolean = false;
```
# Number
### ~ hint
In JavaScript, `numbers` are floating point values.
However, for the micro:bit, `numbers` are integer values.
### ~
Integer values can be specified via decimal, hexadecimal and octal notation:
```ts
let decimal: number = 42;
let hex: number = 0xf00d;
let binary: number = 0b1010;
let octal: number = 0o744;
```
# String
As in other languages, we use the type `string` to refer to textual data.
Use double quotes (`"`) or single quotes (`'`) to surround string data.
```ts
let color: string = "blue";
color = 'red';
```
You can also use *template strings*, which can span multiple lines and have embedded expressions.
These strings are surrounded by the backtick/backquote (`` ` ``) character, and embedded expressions are of the form `${ expr }`.
```ts
let fullName: string = `Bob Bobbington`;
let age: number = 37;
let sentence: string = `Hello, my name is ${ fullName }.
I'll be ${ age + 1 } years old next month.`
```
This is equivalent to declaring `sentence` like so:
```ts
let sentence: string = "Hello, my name is " + fullName + ".\n\n" +
"I'll be " + (age + 1) + " years old next month."
```
# Array
Arrays allow you to work with an expandable sequence of values, addressed by an integer-valued index.
Array types can be written in one of two ways.
In the first, you use the type of the elements followed by `[]` to denote an array of that element type:
```ts
let list: number[] = [1, 2, 3];
```
The second way uses a generic array type, `Array<elemType>`:
```ts
let list: Array<number> = [1, 2, 3];
```
### ~hint
For the micro:bit, all elements of an array must have the same type.
### ~
# Enum
A helpful addition to the standard set of datatypes from JavaScript is the `enum`.
As in languages like C#, an enum is a way of giving more friendly names to sets of numeric values.
```ts
enum Color {Red, Green, Blue};
let c: Color = Color.Green;
```
By default, enums begin numbering their members starting at `0`.
You can change this by manually setting the value of one of its members.
For example, we can start the previous example at `1` instead of `0`:
```ts
enum Color {Red = 1, Green, Blue};
let c: Color = Color.Green;
```
Or, even manually set all the values in the enum:
```ts
enum Color {Red = 1, Green = 2, Blue = 4};
let c: Color = Color.Green;
```
# Any
The TypeScript type `any` is not supported in the micro:bit.
# Void
`void` is the absence of having any type at all.
You may commonly see this as the return type of functions that do not return a value:
```ts
function warnUser(): void {
basic.showString("This is my warning message");
}
```
Declaring variables of type `void` is not useful.
# Type Inference
In TypeScript, there are several places where type inference is used to provide type information when there is
no explicit type annotation. For example, in this code
```ts
let x = 3;
let y = x + 3
```
The type of the `x` variable is inferred to be `number`. Similarly, the type of `y` variable also is inferred to be `number`.
This kind of inference takes place when initializing variables and members,
setting parameter default values, and determining function return types.
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### ~

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# Variable Declarations
Declaring a variable in JavaScript has always traditionally been done with the `var` keyword.
```typescript
var a = 10;
```
The `var` construct has some [problems](http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/variable-declarations.html),
which is why `let` statements were introduced. Apart from the keyword used, `let` statements are written
the same way `var` statements are.
```typescript
let a = 10;
```
The key difference is not in the syntax, but in the semantics, which we'll now dive into.
## Block-scoping
When a variable is declared using `let`, it uses what some call *lexical-scoping* or *block-scoping*.
Unlike variables declared with `var` whose scopes leak out to their containing function,
block-scoped variables are not visible outside of their nearest containing block or `for`-loop.
```typescript
function f(input: boolean) {
let a = 100;
if (input) {
// Still okay to reference 'a'
let b = a + 1;
return b;
}
// Error: 'b' doesn't exist here
return b;
}
```
Here, we have two local variables `a` and `b`.
`a`'s scope is limited to the body of `f` while `b`'s scope is limited to the containing `if` statement's block.
Another property of block-scoped variables is that they can't be read or written to before they're actually declared.
While these variables are "present" throughout their scope, all points up until their declaration are part of their *temporal dead zone*.
This is just a sophisticated way of saying you can't access them before the `let` statement, and luckily TypeScript will let you know that.
```typescript
a++; // illegal to use 'a' before it's declared;
let a;
```
## Re-declarations
With `var` declarations, it doesn't matter how many times you declare your variables, you just get one:
```typescript
var x = 10;
var x = 20;
```
In the above example, all declarations of `x` actually refer to the *same* `x`, and this is perfectly valid.
This often ends up being a source of bugs. Thankfully, `let` declarations are not as forgiving.
```typescript
let x = 10;
let x = 20; // error: can't re-declare 'x' in the same scope
```
## Shadowing
The act of introducing a new name in a more deeply nested scope is called *shadowing*.
It is a bit of a double-edged sword in that it can introduce certain bugs on its own in the
event of accidental shadowing, while also preventing certain bugs.
For instance, imagine a `sumMatrix` function using `let` variables.
```typescript
function sumMatrix(matrix: number[][]) {
let sum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++) {
var currentRow = matrix[i];
for (let i = 0; i < currentRow.length; i++) {
sum += currentRow[i];
}
}
return sum;
}
```
This version of the loop will actually perform the summation correctly because the inner loop's `i` shadows `i` from the outer loop.
Shadowing should *usually* be avoided in the interest of write clearer code, such as
```typescript
function sumMatrix(matrix: number[][]) {
let sum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++) {
var currentRow = matrix[i];
for (let j = 0; j < currentRow.length; j++) {
sum += currentRow[j];
}
}
return sum;
}
```
While there are some scenarios where it may be fitting to take advantage of it, you should use your best judgement.
# `const` declarations
`const` declarations are another way of declaring variables.
```typescript
const numLivesForCat = 9;
```
They are like `let` declarations but, as their name implies, their value cannot be changed once they are bound.
In other words, they have the same scoping rules as `let`, but you can't re-assign to them.
### ~button /js/operators
NEXT: Operators
### ~

View File

@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ export function newAction() {
Now let's implement `PRESS PIN 0` in the main. Create a condition of `input->on pin pressed("P0")` that will add one to the score and calls the method `new action`.
```
```blocks
// **. . .**
input.onButtonPressed(Button.B, () => {
basic.showNumber(game.score(), 150) // ***

View File

@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ Let's code the third part of Happy Birthday!
To do this, you need to add blocks after the last line of the `play` blocks. We want to continue to adding musical chords with the `play` block. Then insert the appropriate chord blocks `G`, `E`, `C`, `B`, `A` to complete the third part of the song. Modify your code so that your code looks like this.
``` blocks
```blocks
music.playTone(music.noteFrequency(Note.C), music.beat(BeatFraction.Quater));
music.playTone(music.noteFrequency(Note.C), music.beat(BeatFraction.Quater));
music.playTone(music.noteFrequency(Note.D), music.beat(BeatFraction.Quater));
@ -57,8 +56,7 @@ music.playTone(music.noteFrequency(Note.F), music.beat(BeatFraction.Quater));
music.playTone(music.noteFrequency(Note.E), music.beat(BeatFraction.Quater));
music.playTone(music.noteFrequency(Note.D), music.beat(BeatFraction.Quater));
basic.pause(100);
```
```
* click *run * to see if the code works as expected.

View File

@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
Your beginning code should look like this:
```blocks
let coll = (<string[]>[])
let coll: string[] = []
coll.push("puppy")
coll.push("clock")
coll.push("night")
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ game.startCountdown(30000)
Let's add more words for the player to act out! But first, we need to increase the time in one round to give the player more time get through all the words. Let's change the `game->start countdown` statement.
```blocks
let coll = (<string[]>[])
let coll: string[] = []
coll.push("puppy")
coll.push("clock")
coll.push("night")
@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ game.startCountdown(60000)
Now let's add 5 more words to our list of charade words. Right above the the line `word:=coll->at(index)` add 5 lines that say `coll->add("")`. In this example, we will add the words **bicycle, telephone, sun, car, and ant** but you can add whatever words you like.
```blocks
let coll.push("puppy")
let coll: string[] = []
coll.push("puppy")
coll.push("clock")
coll.push("night")
coll.push("cat")

View File

@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ A 'collection' is a group of variables of the same type stored together. A 'coll
## 2. Consider the following lines of code.
```blocks
let coll = (<string[]>[])
let coll: string[] = []
coll.push("puppy")
coll.push("clock")
```
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ basic.showString(coll[0], 150)
## 3. Consider the following lines of code.
```blocks
let coll = (<string[]>[])
let coll: string[] = []
coll.push("puppy")
coll.push("clock")
coll.push("cat")
@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ basic.showString(coll[2], 150)
## 4. Consider the following line of code.
```blocks
let coll = (<string[]>[])
let coll: string[] = []
```
Write the five (5) lines of code that will add the following five words to `data->coll`: puppy, clock, night, cat, cow.
@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ Write the five (5) lines of code that will add the following five words to `data
<br/>
```blocks
let coll.push("puppy")
let coll: string[] = []
coll.push("puppy")
coll.push("clock")
coll.push("night")
coll.push("cat")

View File

@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ coll.push("cat")
## 4. Write the five (5) lines of code that will add the following five words to `data->coll`: puppy, clock, night, cat, cow.
```
```ts
let coll = (<string[]>[])
```

View File

@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ Let's setup the logic for the food and the ghost to be in different quadrants. F
let hero = game.createSprite(2, 2);
let food = game.createSprite(4, 4);
let ghost = game.createSprite(0, 0);
let ghost.change(LedSpriteProperty.Blink, 100);
ghost.change(LedSpriteProperty.Blink, 100);
food = led.brightness() == 8;
while (true) {
basic.pause(400);
@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ while (true) {
}
}
0.set(LedSpriteProperty.X, 4);
ghost.set(LedSpriteProperty.X, 4);
```

View File

@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Here are some cool projects that you can build with your micro:bit!
"imageUrl": "/static/mb/projects/a2-buttons.png"
},{
"name": "Love Meter",
"url":"/projects/lover-meter",
"url":"/projects/love-meter",
"imageUrl":"/static/mb/projects/a3-pins.png"
},{
"name": "Rock Paper Scissors",

View File

@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
# messenger
![](/static/mb/projects/a9-radio.png)
Use the radio to create an app that sends "YO" messages.
## Step 1
Use [on button pressed](/reference/input/on-button-pressed) to send the number "0" over radio.
```blocks
input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
radio.sendNumber(0);
});
```
## Step 2
Use [radio on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received) display "YO" when the number ``0`` is received
by radio.
```blocks
let message = 0;
radio.onDataReceived(() => {
message = radio.receiveNumber();
if (message == 0) {
basic.showString("YO")
}
})
```
Compile the program and **upload the same .hex file to 2 devices!**
## Step 3
Use [on button pressed](/reference/input/on-button-pressed) to send the number "1" over radio.
```blocks
input.onButtonPressed(Button.B, () => {
radio.sendNumber(1);
});
```
## Step 4
Add blocks in [radio on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received) to display "BYE" when the number ``1`` is received
by radio.
```blocks
let message = 0;
radio.onDataReceived(() => {
message = radio.receiveNumber();
if (message == 0) {
basic.showString("YO")
}
if (message == 1) {
basic.showString("BYE")
}
})
```
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
# telegraph activity
Build a telgraph.
Build a telegraph.
# micro:bit telegraph
Have you ever tried to communicate through a telegraph? Let's try coding a "Telegraph" on two BBC micro:bits !
Complete the following [guided tutorial](/projects/telegraph), your hack should look like this:
Complete the following [tutorial](/projects/telegraph), your hack should look like this:
![](/static/mb/lessons/telegraph-0.png)

View File

@ -148,12 +148,6 @@ Trim any leftover fabric, threads or tape.
Your watch is ready!
### ~avatar avatar
Excellent, you're ready to continue with the [challenges](/projects/rock-paper-scissors)!
### ~
### Acknowledgements
Artistic design by Melinda Hoeneisen.

View File

@ -22,15 +22,18 @@ control.inBackground(() => {
});
```
## Advanced
```namespaces
devices.tellCameraTo(MesCameraEvent.TakePhoto);
bluetooth.onBluetoothConnected(() => {});
```
```package
microbit-devices
microbit-bluetooth
```
```
### See Also
[basic](/reference/basic), [input](/reference/input), [music](/reference/music), [led](/reference/led), [Math](/reference/Math), [String](/reference/String), [game](/reference/game), [images](/reference/images), [pins](/reference/pins), [serial](/reference/serial), [control](/reference/control), [radio](/reference/radio), [devices](/reference/devices), [bluetooth](/reference/bluetooth)

View File

@ -3,3 +3,7 @@
```cards
String.fromCharCode(0);
```
### See Also
[fromCharCode](/reference//math/string-from-char-code)

View File

@ -32,3 +32,7 @@ basic.showAnimation(`
. . . . .
`);
```
### See Also
[showNumber](/reference/basic/show-number), [showLeds](/reference/basic/show-leds), [showString](/reference/basic/show-string), [clearScreen](/reference/basic/clear-screen), [forever](/reference/basic/forever), [pause](/reference/basic/pause), [plotLeds](/reference/basic/plot-leds), [showAnimation](/reference/basic/show-animation)

View File

@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ In this animation, each row is 15 spaces wide because
there are three frames in the animation, and each frame is
five spaces wide, just like the screen on the BBC micro:bit.
```
```blocks
basic.showAnimation(`
. . # . . . # # # . . # # # .
. # # . . . . . # . . . . # .
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ In this animation, each row is 30 spaces wide because
there are six frames in the animation, and each frame is
five spaces wide, just like the screen.
```
```blocks
basic.showAnimation(`
. . . . . # . . . . . . . . . . . . . # . . . . . # . . . .
. . # . . . . . . . . . # . . . . . . . . . # . . . . . . .

View File

@ -21,4 +21,8 @@ bluetooth.onBluetoothDisconnected(() => {
```package
microbit-bluetooth
```
```
### See Also
[startAccelerometerService](/reference/bluetooth/start-accelerometer-service), [startButtonService](/reference/bluetooth/start-button-service), [startIOPinService](/reference/bluetooth/start-io-pin-service), [startLEDService](/reference/bluetooth/start-led-service), [startMagnetometerService](/reference/bluetooth/start-magnetometer-service), [startTemperatureService](/reference/bluetooth/start-temperature-service), [uartRead](/reference/bluetooth/uart-read), [uartWrite](/reference/bluetooth/uart-write), [onBluetoothConnected](/reference/bluetooth/on-bluetooth-connected), [onBluetoothDisconnected](/reference/bluetooth/on-bluetooth-disconnected)

View File

@ -8,3 +8,7 @@ control.inBackground(() => {
});
control.reset();
```
### See Also
[inBackground](/reference/control/in-background), [reset](/reference/control/reset)

View File

@ -17,3 +17,11 @@ devices.onSignalStrengthChanged(() => {
});
```
```package
microbit-devices
```
### See Also
[tellCameraTo](/reference/devices/tell-camera-to), [tellRemoteControlTo](/reference/devices/tell-remote-control-to), [raiseAlertTo](/reference/devices/raise-alert-to), [onNotified](/reference/devices/on-notified), [onGamepadButton](/reference/devices/on-gamepad-button), [signalStrength](/reference/devices/signal-strength), [onSignalStrengthChanged](/reference/devices/on-signal-strength-changed)

View File

@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ devices.onSignalStrengthChanged(() => {})
Display the signal strength on screen:
```
```blocks
devices.onSignalStrengthChanged(() => {
basic.showNumber(devices.signalStrength(), 150)
})

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ The functions in the antenna namespace allow the BBC micro:bit to communicate wi
### JavaScript
```
```sig
export function tellMicrophoneTo(event: string)
```
@ -36,12 +36,16 @@ export function tellMicrophoneTo(event: string)
To tell the connected device to start recording audio
```
```blocks
devices.tellMicrophoneTo("start capture")
```
To tell the connected device to stop recording audio
```
```blocks
devices.tellMicrophoneTo("stop capture")
```
```package
microbit-devices
```

View File

@ -9,3 +9,7 @@ game.startCountdown(10000);
game.gameOver();
game.setScore(0);
```
### See Also
[addScore](/reference/game/add-score), [score](/reference/game/score), [startCountdown](/reference/game/start-countdown), [gameOver](/reference/game/game-over), [setScore](/reference/game/set-score)

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Turn off all the pixels in an [Image](/reference/images/image).
### JavaScript
```
```sig
export function clear(img: micro_bit.Image)
```
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export function clear(img: micro_bit.Image)
The following example turns off the pixels of `img` when the A input button is pressed:
```
```blocks
let img = images.createImage(`
. . . . .
. # # # .

View File

@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
# Game Library
The game library supports simple single-player time-based games. The player has a **sprite**, number of **lives** and a **score**. The game has a sprite, number of **levels** and a **countdown clock**. The general goal of a game will be to move the sprite and achieve a top score before time runs out or the number of lives goes to zero.
The code below shows a simple game where the user gets to press the button ``A`` as much times as possible in 10 seconds.
```blocks
input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
game.addScore(1)
})
game.startCountdown(10000)
```
### [Create sprite](/reference/game/create-sprite)
Create sprite with x, y coordinates and returns a LED Sprite. Create a new LED sprite.
![](/static/mb/create-sprite-0.png)
```
export function createSprite(x: number, y: number) : micro_bitSprites.LedSprite
```
### [Move](/reference/game/move)
Sprite move by a certain number
![](/static/mb/game-library/move-0.png)
```
export function move(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite, leds: number)
```
### [Turn](/reference/game/turn)
Rotates a sprite to the right by a certain number of degrees
![](/static/mb/game-library/turn-0.png)
```
export function turnRight(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite, degrees: number)
```
Rotates a sprite to the left by a certain number of degrees
```
export function turnLeft(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite, degrees: number)
```
### [Change](/reference/game/change)
Sprite will change the x position by this number
![](/static/mb/change-0.png)
```
export function changeXBy(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite, x: number)
```
Sprite will change the y position by this number
```
export function changeYBy(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite, y: number)
```
### [Set](/reference/game/set)
Sprite will change the x position by this number
```
export function setX(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite, x: number)
```
Sprite will change the y position by this number
![](/static/mb/change-0.png)
```
export function changeYBy(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite, y: number)
```
### [If on edge, bounce](/reference/game/if-on-edge-bounce)
Sprite - If the sprite is on the edge, the sprite will bounce
![](/static/mb/game-library/if-on-edge-bounce-0.png)
```
export function ifOnEdgeBounce(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite)
```
### [Change score by](/reference/game/change-score-by)
When a player achieves a goal, you can increase the game score
* add score points to the current score
![](/static/mb/game-library/pic1.png)
```
export function addScore(points: number)
```
### [Score](/reference/game/score)
* set the current score to a particular value.
```
export function setScore(value: number)
```
* get the current score value
![](/static/mb/game-library/pic2.png)
```
export function score() : number
```
### [Countdown](/reference/game/start-countdown)
If your game has a time limit, you can start a countdown in which case `game->current time` returns the remaining time.
* start a countdown with the maximum duration of the game in milliseconds.
![](/static/mb/game-library/pic3.png)
```
export function startCountdown(ms: number)
```
### [Game over](/reference/game/game-over)
If the `life` reaches zero or the time expires (see countdown), the game enters the **game over** mode. When the game is over, `game->is running` returns false
* check if the game still running.
```
let running = game.isRunning()
```
You can also end the game by calling the `game -> game over` function:
![](/static/mb/game-library/pic0.png)
```
game.gameOver()
```

View File

@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
Reports the x position of a sprite on the LED screen
```
```sig
export function x(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite) : number
```
Reports the y position of a sprite on the LED screen
```
```sig
export function y(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite) : number
```

View File

@ -4,24 +4,24 @@ Reports the x or y position, the current direction of a sprite, or the brightne
Reports the x position of a sprite on the LED screen
```
```sig
export function x(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite) : number
```
Reports the y position of a sprite on the LED screen
```
```sig
export function y(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite) : number
```
Reports the brightness of a sprite on the LED screen
```
```sig
export function brightness(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite) : number
```
Reports the current direction of a sprite on the LED screen
```
```sig
export function direction(_this: micro_bitSprites.LedSprite) : number
```

View File

@ -18,3 +18,7 @@ images.createBigImage(`
. . . . .
`);
```
### See Also
[createImage](/reference/images/create-image), [createBigImage](/reference/images/create-big-image)

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Get the state of a pixel in an [Image](/reference/images/image).
### JavaScript
```
```sig
export function pixel(_this: micro_bit.Image, x: number, y: number) : boolean
```
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ This example gets the state of pixel `0, 0` in the `img` variable:
### ~hide
```
```blocks
let img = images.createImage(`
. . # . . . . . . .
. # . # . . . # . .
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ let img = images.createImage(`
### ~
```
```blocks
let state = img.pixel(0, 0)
```

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Display an [Image](/reference/images/image) on the BBC micro:bit's [LED screen](
### JavaScript
```
```sig
export function plotFrame(_this: micro_bit.Image, index: number)
```
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The `plot frame` function takes the index of the frame (if there are two frames,
### Example
```
```blocks
let img = images.createImage(`
# . . . # # . . . #
. # . # . . # # # .

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Display an [Image](/reference/images/image) on the BBC micro:bit's [LED screen](
### JavaScript
```
```sig
export function plotImage(_this: micro_bit.Image, xOffset: number)
```
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The `show image` function has a built in delay of 400ms after display of the ima
### Example
```
```blocks
let img = images.createImage(`
# . . . # # . . . #
. # . # . . # # # .

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Set the on/off state of pixel in an [Image](/reference/images/image).
### JavaScript
```
```sig
export function setPixel(_this: micro_bit.Image, x: number, y: number, value: boolean)
```
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ To figure out the ``x``, ``y`` coordinates, see [LED screen](/device/screen).
The following example creates an image and stores it in the `img` variable. The `set pixel` function sets the centre pixel off, before `img` is shown using `show image`.
```
```blocks
let img = images.createImage(`
. . # . .
. # . # .

View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Display an [Image](/reference/images/image) on the BBC micro:bit's [LED screen](
### JavaScript
```
```sig
export function showFrame(img: micro_bit.Image, frame: number)
```
@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ export function showFrame(img: micro_bit.Image, frame: number)
### Difference from `plot frame`
The `show frame` function is the same as [plot frame](/reference/image/plot-frame), but contains a built-in delay after the LED screen has been updated (whereas `plot frame` has no built-in delay)
The `show frame` function is the same as [plot frame](/reference/images/plot-frame), but contains a built-in delay after the LED screen has been updated (whereas `plot frame` has no built-in delay)
### Example
```
```blocks
let img = images.createImage(`
# . . . # # . . . #
. # . # . . # # # .

View File

@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ The following example gets the width of `img` and stores it in the `w` variable:
### ~hide
```
```blocks
let img = images.createImage(`
. . # . . . . . . .
. # . # . . . # . .
@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ let img = images.createImage(`
### ~
```
```blocks
let w = img.width()
```
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ let w = img.width()
The following example uses the `width` function with a [for](/blocks/loops/for) loop to show each image frame on the screen:
```
```blocks
let img2 = images.createImage(`
. . # . . . # # # # . # # # .
. # # . . . . . . # . . . # .

View File

@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ input.onPinPressed(TouchPin.P0, () => {
});
input.buttonIsPressed(Button.A);
input.compassHeading();
input.pinIsPressed(TouchPin.P0);
input.temperature();
input.acceleration(Dimension.X);
input.lightLevel();
@ -21,7 +22,6 @@ input.rotation(Rotation.Pitch);
input.magneticForce(Dimension.X);
input.runningTime();
input.setAccelerometerRange(AcceleratorRange.OneG);
input.pinIsPressed(TouchPin.P0);
input.calibrate();
input.onLogoDown(() => {
@ -39,3 +39,7 @@ input.onShake(() => {
});
```
### See Also
[onButtonPressed](/reference/input/on-button-pressed), [onGesture](/reference/input/on-gesture), [onPinPressed](/reference/input/on-pin-pressed), [buttonIsPressed](/reference/input/button-is-pressed), [compassHeading](/reference/input/compass-heading), [pinIsPressed](/reference/input/pin-is-pressed), [temperature](/reference/input/temperature), [acceleration](/reference/input/acceleration), [lightLevel](/reference/input/light-level), [rotation](/reference//input/rotation), [magneticForce](/reference/input/magnetic-force), [runningTime](/reference/input/running-time), [setAccelerometerRange](/reference/input/set-accelerometer-range), [calibrate](/reference/input/calibrate), [onLogoDown](/reference/input/on-logo-down), [onLogoUp](/reference/input/on-logo-up), [onScreenDown](/reference/input/on-screen-down), [onScreenUp](/reference/input/on-screen-up), [onShake](/reference/input/on-shake)

View File

@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
# On Pin Released
Start an [event handler](/reference/event-handler) (part of the
program that will run when something happens, like when a button is
pressed). This handler works when you release pin `0`, `1`, or `2`
together with `GND`. When you are using this function in a web
browser, click and release the pins on the screen instead of the ones on the BBC
micro:bit.
If you hold the `GND` pin with one hand and touch pin `0`, `1`, or `2`
with the other, a very small (safe) amount of electricity will flow
through your body and back into the micro:bit. This is called
**completing a circuit**. It's like you're a big wire!
```sig
input.onPinReleased(TouchPin.P0, () => {
})
```
## ~hint
This function works best when the BBC micro:bit is using batteries for power,
instead of the USB cable.
## ~
## Parameters
* ``name`` means the pin that is being released, either `P0`, `P1`, or `P2`
### Example: pin pressed counter
This program counts how many times you release the `P0` pin.
Every time you release the pin, the program shows the number of times on the screen.
```blocks
let count = 0
basic.showNumber(count, 100)
input.onPinReleased(TouchPin.P0, () => {
count = count + 1
basic.showNumber(count, 100)
})
```
### See also
[BBC micro:bit pins](/device/pins), [pin is pressed](/reference/input/pin-is-pressed), [analog read pin](/reference/pins/analog-read-pin), [analog write pin](/reference/pins/analog-write-pin), [digital read pin](/reference/pins/digital-read-pin), [digital write pin](/reference/pins/digital-write-pin)

View File

@ -18,3 +18,7 @@ led.toggle(0, 0);
led.toggleAll();
led.setDisplayMode(DisplayMode.BackAndWhite);
```
### See Also
[plot](/reference/led/plot), [unplot](/reference/led/unplot), [point](/reference/led/point), [brightness](/reference/led/brightness), [setBrightness](/reference/led/set-brightness), [stopAnimation](/reference/led/stop-animation), [plotBarGraph](/reference//led/plot-bar-graph), [fadeIn](/reference/led/fade-in), [fadeOut](/reference/led/fade-out), [plotAll](/reference/led/plot-all), [screenshot](/reference/led/screenshot), [toggle](/reference/led/toggle), [toggleAll](/reference/led/toggle-all), [setDisplayMode](/reference//led/set-display-mode)

View File

@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
Display an [Image](/reference/images/image) on the BBC micro:bit's [LED screen](/device/screen). NOTE: `basic -> plot image` has been replaced by `basic -> show leds`.
```sig
basic.plotLeds(`
basic.showLeds(`
. . . . .
. # . # .
. . # . .
# ; . . #
# . . . #
. # # # .
`)
```
@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ basic.plotLeds(`
* leds - a series of LED on/off states that form an image (see steps below)
### Example: simley
### Example: smiley
```blocks
basic.plotLeds(`
basic.showLeds(`
. . . . .
. # . # .
. . # . .
# ; . . #
# . . . #
. # # # .
`)
```

View File

@ -9,14 +9,24 @@ led.stopAnimation()
### Example
This program...
This program sets up the ``stop animation`` part of the program,
and then shows a string that you can stop with button ``B``.
```blocks
basic.showString("STOP ME! STOP ME! PLEASE, WON'T SOMEBODY STOP ME?");
input.onButtonPressed(Button.B, () => {
led.stopAnimation();
});
'```
basic.showString("STOP ME! STOP ME! PLEASE, WON'T SOMEBODY STOP ME?");
```
### ~hint
It's important to set up ``stop animation`` before showing the
animation, so the ``stop animation`` part of the program will be ready
to go.
### ~
### See Also
[show animation](/reference/basic/show-animation)

View File

@ -12,3 +12,7 @@ music.tempo();
music.changeTempoBy(20);
music.setTempo(120);
```
### See Also
[playTone](/reference/music/play-tone), [ringTone](/reference/music/ring-tone), [rest](/reference/music/rest), [noteFrequency](/reference/music/note-frequency), [beat](/reference/music/beat), [tempo](/reference/music/tempo), [changeTempoBy](/reference/music/change-tempo), [setTempo](/reference/music/set-tempo)

View File

@ -21,3 +21,7 @@ pins.setPull(DigitalPin.P0, PinPullMode.PullDown);
pins.analogPitch(0, 0);
pins.analogSetPitchPin(AnalogPin.P0);
```
### See Also
[digitalReadPin](/reference/pins/digital-read-pin), [digitalWritePin](/reference/pins/digital-write-pin), [analogReadPin](/reference/pins/analog-read-pin), [analogWritePin](/reference/pins/analog-write-pin), [analogSetPeriod](/reference/pins/analog-set-period), [map](/reference/pins/map), [onPulsed](/reference/pins/on-pulsed), [pulseDuration](/reference/pins/pulse-duration), [servoWritePin](/reference/pins/servo-write-pin), [servoSetPulse](/reference/pins/serial-set-pulse), [i2cReadNumber](/reference/pins/i2c-read-number), [i2cWriteNumber](/reference/pins/i2c-write-number), [setPull](/reference/pins/set-pull), [analogPitch](/reference/pins/analog-pitch), [analogSetPitchPin](/reference/pins/analog-set-pitch)

View File

@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ pins.analogPitch(440, 300)
### Example
```
```blocks
pins.analogSetPitchPin("P0")
let frequency1 = 440
let duration = 1000

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ pins.analogSetPitchPin(AnalogPin.P0)
### Example
```
```blocks
pins.analogSetPitchPin(AnalogPin.P0)
let frequency = 440
let duration = 1000

View File

@ -14,7 +14,15 @@ radio.receivedNumberAt(0);
radio.receiveString();
radio.receivedSignalStrength();
radio.setGroup(0);
radio.setTransmitPower(0);
radio.setTransmitPower(7);
radio.setTransmitSerialNumber(false);
radio.writeValueToSerial();
radio.setTransmitSerialNumber(true);
```
```package
microbit-radio
```
### See Also
[sendNumber](/reference/radio/send-number), [sendValue](/reference/radio/send-value), [sendString](/reference/radio/send-string), [onDataReceived](/reference/radio/on-data-received), [receiveNumber](/reference/radio/receive-number), [receivedNumberAt](/reference/radio/received-number-at), [receiveString](/reference/radio/receive-string), [receivedSignalStrength](/reference/radio/received-signal-strength), [setGroup](/reference/radio/set-group), [setTransmitPower](/reference/radio/set-transmit-power), [setTransmitSerialNumber](/reference/radio/set-transmit-serial-number), [writeValueToSerial](/reference/radio/write-value-to-serial)

View File

@ -33,3 +33,6 @@ radio.onDataReceived(() => {
[receive number](/reference/radio/receive-number),
[send number](/reference/radio/send-number), [set group](/reference/radio/set-group)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -64,3 +64,6 @@ basic.forever(() => {
[send number](/reference/radio/send-number), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -89,3 +89,7 @@ radio.onDataReceived(() => {
### See also
[send string](/reference/radio/send-string), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -38,3 +38,7 @@ basic.forever(() => {
### See also
[receive number](/reference/radio/receive-number), [send number](/reference/radio/send-number), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -43,3 +43,7 @@ basic.forever(() => {
### See also
[receive number](/reference/radio/receive-number), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -40,3 +40,7 @@ A radio that can both transmit and receive is called a _transceiver_.
### See also
[receive string](/reference/radio/receive-string), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -44,3 +44,6 @@ radio.onDataReceived(() => {
[receive number](/reference/radio/receive-number), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -34,3 +34,6 @@ radio.setGroup(128)
[receive number](/reference/radio/receive-number), [send number](/reference/radio/send-number), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -38,3 +38,7 @@ radio.setTransmitPower(7)
### See also
[receive number](/reference/radio/receive-number), [send number](/reference/radio/send-number), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
# Write Value To Serial
Writes the full data received data via ``radio`` to serial in JSON format.
**Note** - This method only works for [send number](/reference/radio/send-number) and [send value](/reference/radio/send-value). It does not work for [send string](/reference/radio/send-string) (although a string can be sent with [send value](/reference/radio/send-value)).
Writes the data received by ``radio`` to serial in JSON format.
```sig
radio.writeValueToSerial();
```
## Data received format
The format for received data printed to serial is as follows
- [send number](/reference/radio/send-number) - ```{v:ValueSent,t:MicrobitTimeAlive,s:Unused}```
- [send value](/reference/radio/send-number) - ```{v:Value,t:MicrobitTimeAlive,s:Unused,n:"Name"}```
- [send string](/reference/radio/send-string) - ```{}``` (currently unavailable)
### ~hint
This method only works for [send number](/reference/radio/send-number)
and [send value](/reference/radio/send-value). It does not work for
[send string](/reference/radio/send-string), although you can send a
string as part of [send value](/reference/radio/send-value).
### ~
### Data received format
The format for received data printed to serial is as follows:
- [send number](/reference/radio/send-number): ```{v:ValueSent,t:MicrobitTimeAlive,s:Unused}```
- [send value](/reference/radio/send-value): ```{v:ValueSent,t:MicrobitTimeAlive,s:Unused,n:"Name"}```
### Simulator
@ -20,7 +28,9 @@ This function only works on the micro:bit, not in browsers.
### Examples
When ```radio``` data is received (after pressing A button on 2nd micro:bit), output temperature data to serial.
When ```radio``` data is received (after pressing the ``A`` button on
the second micro:bit), this program sends temperature data to
serial.
```blocks
input.onButtonPressed(Button.A, () => {
@ -30,9 +40,18 @@ radio.onDataReceived(() => {
radio.writeValueToSerial();
});
```
Example output to serial when A button pressed:
```{v:27,t:323,s:0}```
Sample output to serial when ``A`` button pressed:
```Text
{v:27,t:323,s:0}
```
### See also
[send number](/reference/radio/send-number), [send value](/reference/radio/send-number), [on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
[send number](/reference/radio/send-number),
[send value](/reference/radio/send-value),
[on data received](/reference/radio/on-data-received)
```package
microbit-radio
```

View File

@ -10,3 +10,7 @@ serial.writeString("");
serial.readLine();
serial.redirect(SerialPin.P0, SerialPin.P0, BaudRate.BaudRate115200);
```
### See Also
[writeLine](/reference/serial/write-line), [writeNumber](/reference/serial/write-number), [writeValue](/reference/serial/write-value), [writeString](/reference/serial/write-string), [readLine](/reference/serial/read-line), [redirect](/reference/serial/redirect-to)

View File

@ -46,8 +46,6 @@ for
forever
game-library
game-over
if

View File

@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ The [math library](/blocks/math) includes math related functions.
For example, the `absolute` function returns the returns the absolute value of input parameter `x`:
```blocks
let abs = math.absolute(-42);
let abs = Math.abs(-42);
basic.showNumber(abs);
```

3
docs/support.md Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
# Support
Please use the [GitHub issue tracker](https://github.com/microsoft/pxt-microbit) to report bugs.

View File

@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
# I2C FRAM driver
This library provides a driver for this FRAM part: https://www.adafruit.com/products/1895
The memory is accessed one byte at a time. The library provides a utility functions
to write an entire buffer.
## Reading/writing byte
```
let addr = 100
i2c_fram.writeByte(addr, 42)
let val = i2c_fram.readByte(addr)
console.log(`${addr}: ${val}`)
```
## Reading/writing a buffer
This code will log current time and acceleration in X axis every second.
```
let bufSz = 8
for (let addr = 0; addr < 0x8000; addr += bufSz) {
let buf = pins.createBuffer(bufSz)
buf.setNumber(NumberFormat.Int32LE, 0, input.runningTime())
buf.setNumber(NumberFormat.Int32LE, 4, input.acceleration(Dimension.X))
i2c_fram.writeBuffer(addr, buf)
basic.pause(1000)
}
```

View File

@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
namespace i2c_fram {
const devaddr = 0x50;
const memend = 0x7fff;
//% shim=pxtrt::panic
function panic(code: number) { }
function die() { panic(142) }
export function readByte(addr: number) {
if (addr < 0 || addr > memend)
die();
let buf = pins.createBuffer(2)
buf[0] = (addr >> 8) & 0xff;
buf[1] = addr & 0xff;
pins.i2cWriteBuffer(devaddr, buf);
buf = pins.i2cReadBuffer(devaddr, 1);
return buf[0];
}
export function writeByte(addr: number, val: number) {
if (addr < 0 || addr > memend)
die();
if (val < 0 || val > 0xff)
die();
let buf = pins.createBuffer(3)
buf[0] = (addr >> 8) & 0xff;
buf[1] = addr & 0xff;
buf[2] = val;
pins.i2cWriteBuffer(devaddr, buf)
}
export function readBuffer(addr: number, length: number) {
if (addr < 0 || length < 0 || (addr + length) > memend)
die();
let buf = pins.createBuffer(length)
for (let i = 0; i < length; ++i)
buf[i] = readByte(addr + i)
return buf
}
export function writeBuffer(addr: number, buf: Buffer) {
if (addr < 0 || (addr + buf.length) > memend)
die();
for (let i = 0; i < buf.length; ++i)
writeByte(addr + i, buf[i])
}
}

View File

@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
i2c_fram.writeByte(100, 42)
i2c_fram.writeByte(101, 108)
function toBuf(arr: number[]) {
let buf = pins.createBuffer(arr.length)
for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; ++i)
buf[i] = arr[i]
return buf
}
i2c_fram.writeBuffer(98, toBuf([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]))
console.log("100:" + i2c_fram.readByte(100))
console.log("101:" + i2c_fram.readByte(101))

View File

@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
{
"name": "i2c-fram",
"description": "AdaFruit I2C FRAM driver for micro:bit",
"files": [
"README.md",
"fram.ts"
],
"testFiles": [
"ftest.ts"
],
"public": true,
"dependencies": {
"microbit": "file:../microbit"
},
"installedVersion": "hhneqa"
}

View File

@ -1,774 +0,0 @@
//
// Note that this is supposed to run from command line.
// Do not use anything besides basic.pause, control.inBackground, console.log
//
//% shim=pxtrt::panic
function panic(code2: number): void { }
function msg(s: string): void {
//console.log(s)
//basic.pause(50);
}
function assert(cond: boolean, msg_: string) {
if (!cond) {
console.log("ASSERT: " + msg_);
panic(45);
}
}
//
// start tests
//
var glb1: number;
var s2: string;
var x: number;
var action: Action;
var tot: string;
var lazyAcc: number;
var sum: number;
var xyz = 12;
console.log("Starting...")
//lib.print_17(3);
basic.showNumber(0);
//assert(lib3.getX() == 17 * 3, "");
testNums();
testStrings();
testNumCollection();
testStringCollection();
testStringOps();
testReccoll();
inBg();
testAction(1);
testAction(7);
testIter();
testActionSave();
testLazyOps();
testRefLocals();
testByRefParams();
testFunDecl();
testDefaultArgs();
testMemoryFree();
testMemoryFreeHOF();
postPreFix()
eqOp()
testEnums()
testBuffer()
// test some top-level code
let xsum = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < 11; ++i) {
xsum = xsum + i;
}
assert(xsum == 55, "mainfor")
control.inBackground(() => {
xsum = xsum + 10;
})
basic.pause(20)
assert(xsum == 65, "mainforBg")
assert(xyz == 12, "init")
function incrXyz() {
xyz++;
return 0;
}
var unusedInit = incrXyz();
assert(xyz == 13, "init2")
testClass()
basic.showNumber(1)
console.log("ALL TESTS OK")
function defaultArgs(x: number, y = 3, z = 7) {
return x + y + z;
}
function testDefaultArgs() {
msg("testDefaultArgs");
assert(defaultArgs(1) == 11, "defl0")
assert(defaultArgs(1, 4) == 12, "defl1")
assert(defaultArgs(1, 4, 8) == 13, "defl2")
assert(optargs(1) == 1, "opt0");
assert(optargs(1, 2) == 3, "opt1");
assert(optargs(1, 2, 3) == 3, "opt2");
assert(optstring(3) == 6, "os0")
assert(optstring(3, "7") == 10, "os1")
assert(optstring2(3) == 6, "os0")
assert(optstring2(3, "7") == 10, "os1")
}
function optargs(x: number, y ?: number, z ?: number) {
return x + y;
}
function optstring(x: number, s ?: string) {
if (s != null) {
return parseInt(s) + x;
}
return x * 2;
}
function optstring2(x: number, s: string = null) {
if (s != null) {
return parseInt(s) + x;
}
return x * 2;
}
function testNums(): void {
let x = 40 + 2;
assert(x == 42, "add");
x = 40 / 2;
assert(x == 20, "div");
let r = fib(15);
msg("FIB" + r);
assert(r == 987, "fib");
let x3 = doStuff(x, 2);
assert(x3 == 10, "call order");
glb1 = 5;
incrBy_2();
assert(glb1 == 7, "glb1");
incrBy_2();
assert(glb1 == 9, "glb2");
assert(Math.abs(-42) == 42, "abs");
assert(Math.abs(42) == 42, "abs");
assert(Math.sign(42) == 1, "abs");
testIf();
assert((3 & 6) == 2, "&")
assert((3 | 6) == 7, "|")
assert((3 ^ 6) == 5, "^")
assert((-10 >> 2) == -3, ">>")
assert((-10 >>> 20) == 4095, ">>>")
assert((-10 << 2) == -40, "<<")
assert((10 << 2) == 40, "<<+")
assert((10 >> 2) == 2, ">>+")
assert((10 >>> 2) == 2, ">>>+")
assert(1000000 * 1000000 == -727379968, "*")
assert(100000001 * 100000001 == 2074919425, "*2")
assert(105 % 100 == 5, "perc")
}
function fib(p: number): number {
if (p <= 2) {
return p;
}
let p2 = p - 1;
return fib(p2) + fib(p - 2);
}
function doStuff(x: number, x2: number): number {
let x3 = x / x2;
return x3;
}
function testIf(): void {
let b = false;
if (!b) {
glb1 = 7;
} else {
assert(false, "b0");
}
assert(glb1 == 7, "glb3");
if (b) {
assert(false, "b1");
} else {
glb1 = 8;
}
assert(glb1 == 8, "glb3");
}
function incrBy_2(): void {
glb1 = glb1 + 2;
}
function testStrings(): void {
assert((42).toString() == "42", "42");
let s = "live";
assert(s == "live", "hello eq");
s = s + "4OK";
s2 = s;
assert(s.charCodeAt(4) == 52, "hello eq2");
assert(s.charAt(4) == "4", "hello eq2X");
assert(s[4] == "4", "hello eq2X");
assert(s.length == 7, "len7");
s = "";
for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
s = s + i;
}
assert(s == "0123456789", "for");
let x = 10;
s = "";
while (x >= 0) {
s = s + x;
x = x - 1;
}
assert(s == "109876543210", "while");
msg(s);
msg(s2);
s2 = "";
// don't leak ref
x = 21
s = "foo"
s = `a${ x * 2 }X${ s }X${ s }Z`
assert(s == "a42XfooXfoo" + "Z", "`")
assert("X" + true == "Xt" + "rue", "boolStr")
}
function testNumCollection(): void {
let collXYZ: number[] =[];
assert(collXYZ.length == 0, "");
collXYZ.push(42);
assert(collXYZ.length == 1, "");
collXYZ.push(22);
assert(collXYZ[1] == 22, "");
collXYZ.splice(0, 1);
assert(collXYZ[0] == 22, "");
collXYZ.removeElement(22);
assert(collXYZ.length == 0, "");
for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
collXYZ.push(i);
}
assert(collXYZ.length == 100, "");
collXYZ =[1, 2, 3];
assert(collXYZ.length == 3, "cons");
assert(collXYZ[0] == 1, "cons0");
assert(collXYZ[1] == 2, "cons1");
assert(collXYZ[2] == 3, "cons2");
}
function testStringCollection(): void {
let coll = (< string[] >[]);
coll.push("foobar");
coll.push((12).toString());
coll.push(coll[0] + "xx");
assert(coll.indexOf("12") == 1, "idx");
coll =[
"a" + "b",
coll[2],
]
assert(coll[0] == "ab", "")
assert(coll[1] == "foob" + "arxx", "")
assert(coll.length == 2, "")
}
function testStringOps(): void {
assert("foo".concat("bar") == "foobar", "concat");
assert("xAb".charCodeAt(1) == 65, "code at");
assert("B".charCodeAt(0) == 66, "tcc");
assert(parseInt("-123") == -123, "tonum");
assert("fo"[1] == "o", "at");
assert("fo".length == 2, "count");
assert("fo".charCodeAt(17) == 0, "ct oor");
}
class Testrec {
str: string;
num: number;
bool: boolean;
str2: string;
}
function recordId(x: Testrec) {
lazyAcc++
return x
}
function postPreFix() {
msg("postPref")
let x = new Testrec()
lazyAcc = 0
recordId(x).num = 12
assert(x.num == 12 && lazyAcc == 1, "X0")
let y = recordId(x).num++
assert(x.num == 13 && lazyAcc == 2, "X1")
assert(y == 12, "X2")
y = ++recordId(x).num
assert(y == 14 && x.num == 14 && lazyAcc == 3, "X2")
recordId(x).num >>= 1
assert(x.num == 7, "X3")
assert(lazyAcc == 4, "X4")
}
function eqOp() {
msg("eqOp")
let x = 12
assert((x += 10) == 22, "Y0")
assert(x == 22, "Y1")
x /= 2
assert(x == 11, "Y2")
let s = ("fo" + 1)
let t = ("ba" + 2)
s += t
assert(s == "fo1b" + "a2", "fb")
}
function testRec0(): Testrec {
let testrec = new Testrec();
testrec.str2 = "Hello" + " world";
testrec.str = testrec.str2;
testrec.num = 42;
assert(testrec.str == "Hello world", "recstr");
assert(testrec.num == 42, "recnum");
msg(testrec.str2);
let testrec2 = < Testrec > null;
assert(testrec2 == null, "isinv");
assert(testrec == testrec, "eq");
assert(testrec != null, "non inv");
return testrec;
}
function testReccoll(): void {
let coll: Testrec[] =[];
let item = testRec0();
msg("in reccoll");
coll.push(item);
}
function inBg() {
let k = 7
let q = 14
let rec = new Testrec();
glb1 = 0
control.inBackground(() => {
glb1 = glb1 + 10 + (q - k)
rec.str = "foo"
})
control.inBackground(() => {
glb1 = glb1 + 1
})
basic.pause(50)
assert(glb1 == 18, "inbg0")
assert(rec.str == "foo", "inbg1")
}
function runTwice(fn: Action): void {
msg("r2 start");
fn();
fn();
msg("r2 stop");
}
function iter(max: number, fn: (v: number) => void) {
for (var i = 0; i < max; ++i) {
fn(i);
}
}
function testIter() {
x = 0
iter(10, v => {
x = x + (v + 1)
})
assert(x == 55, "55")
}
function testAction(p: number): void {
let s = "hello" + "1";
let coll =[] as number[];
let p2 = p * 2;
x = 42;
runTwice(() => {
x = x + p + p2;
coll.push(x);
msg(s + x);
});
assert(x == 42 + p * 6, "run2");
assert(coll.length == 2, "run2");
}
function add7() {
sum = sum + 7;
}
function testFunDecl() {
msg("testFunDecl");
let x = 12;
sum = 0;
function addX() {
sum = sum + x;
}
function add10() {
sum = sum + 10;
}
runTwice(addX)
assert(sum == 24, "cap")
msg("testAdd10");
runTwice(add10);
msg("end-testAdd10");
assert(sum == 44, "nocap");
runTwice(add7);
assert(sum == 44 + 14, "glb")
addX();
add10();
assert(sum == 44 + 14 + x + 10, "direct");
}
function saveAction(fn: Action): void {
action = fn;
}
function saveGlobalAction(): void {
let s = "foo" + "42";
tot = "";
saveAction(() => {
tot = tot + s;
});
}
function testActionSave(): void {
saveGlobalAction();
runTwice(action);
msg(tot);
assert(tot == "foo42foo42", "");
tot = "";
action = null;
}
function testLazyOps(): void {
lazyAcc = 0;
if (incrLazyAcc(10, false) && incrLazyAcc(1, true)) {
assert(false, "");
} else {
assert(lazyAcc == 10, "lazy1");
}
assert(lazyAcc == 10, "lazy2");
if (incrLazyAcc(100, true) && incrLazyAcc(1, false)) {
assert(false, "");
} else {
assert(lazyAcc == 111, "lazy4");
}
lazyAcc = 0;
if (incrLazyAcc(100, true) && incrLazyAcc(8, true)) {
assert(lazyAcc == 108, "lazy5");
} else {
assert(false, "");
}
lazyAcc = 0;
if (incrLazyAcc(10, true) || incrLazyAcc(1, true)) {
assert(lazyAcc == 10, "lazy1b");
} else {
assert(false, "");
}
assert(lazyAcc == 10, "lazy2xx");
if (incrLazyAcc(100, false) || incrLazyAcc(1, false)) {
assert(false, "");
} else {
assert(lazyAcc == 111, "lazy4x");
}
lazyAcc = 0;
if (incrLazyAcc(100, false) || incrLazyAcc(8, true)) {
assert(lazyAcc == 108, "lazy5");
} else {
assert(false, "");
}
lazyAcc = 0;
if (incrLazyAcc(10, true) && incrLazyAcc(1, true) && incrLazyAcc(100, false)) {
assert(false, "");
} else {
assert(lazyAcc == 111, "lazy10");
}
lazyAcc = 0;
if (incrLazyAcc(10, true) && incrLazyAcc(1, true) || incrLazyAcc(100, false)) {
assert(lazyAcc == 11, "lazy101");
} else {
assert(false, "");
}
lazyAcc = 0;
assert((true ? incrLazyNum(1, 42): incrLazyNum(10, 36)) == 42, "?:")
assert(lazyAcc == 1, "?:0");
assert((false ? incrLazyNum(1, 42): incrLazyNum(10, 36)) == 36, "?:1")
assert(lazyAcc == 11, "?:2");
}
function incrLazyAcc(delta: number, res: boolean): boolean {
lazyAcc = lazyAcc + delta;
return res;
}
function incrLazyNum(delta: number, res: number) {
lazyAcc = lazyAcc + delta;
return res;
}
function testRefLocals(): void {
msg("start test ref locals");
let s = "";
// For 4 or more it runs out of memory
for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
msg(i + "");
let copy = i;
control.inBackground(() => {
basic.pause(10 * i);
copy = copy + 10;
});
control.inBackground(() => {
basic.pause(20 * i);
s = s + copy;
});
}
basic.pause(200);
assert(s == "101112", "reflocals");
}
function byRefParam_0(p: number): void {
control.inBackground(() => {
basic.pause(1);
sum = sum + p;
});
p = p + 1;
}
function byRefParam_2(pxx: number): void {
pxx = pxx + 1;
control.inBackground(() => {
basic.pause(1);
sum = sum + pxx;
});
}
function testByRefParams(): void {
msg("testByRefParams");
refparamWrite("a" + "b");
refparamWrite2(new Testrec());
refparamWrite3(new Testrec());
sum = 0;
let x = 1;
control.inBackground(() => {
basic.pause(1);
sum = sum + x;
});
x = 2;
byRefParam_0(4);
byRefParam_2(10);
basic.pause(30);
assert(sum == 18, "by ref");
}
function refparamWrite(s: string): void {
s = s + "c";
assert(s == "abc", "abc");
}
function refparamWrite2(testrec: Testrec): void {
testrec = new Testrec();
assert(testrec.bool == false, "");
}
function refparamWrite3(testrecX: Testrec): void {
control.inBackground(() => {
basic.pause(1);
assert(testrecX.str == "foo", "ff");
testrecX.str = testrecX.str + "x";
});
testrecX = new Testrec();
testrecX.str = "foo";
basic.pause(30);
assert(testrecX.str == "foox", "ff2");
}
function testMemoryFree(): void {
msg("testMemoryFree");
for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
allocImage();
}
}
function runOnce(fn: Action): void {
fn();
}
function createObj() {
return new Testrec();
}
function testMemoryFreeHOF(): void {
msg("testMemoryFreeHOF");
for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
runOnce(() => {
let tmp = createObj();
});
}
}
function allocImage(): void {
let tmp = createObj();
}
class Foo {
pin: number;
buf: number[];
constructor(k: number, l: number) {
this.pin = k - l
}
setPin(p: number) {
this.pin = p
}
getPin() {
return this.pin
}
init() {
this.buf =[1, 2]
}
}
function testClass() {
let f = new Foo(272, 100);
assert(f.getPin() == 172, "ctor")
f.setPin(42)
assert(f.getPin() == 42, "getpin")
}
enum En {
A,
B,
C,
D = 4200,
E,
}
enum En2 {
D0 = En.D,
D1,
D2 = 1,
}
function testEnums() {
msg("enums")
let k = En.C as number
assert(k == 2, "e0")
k = En.D as number
assert(k == 4200, "e1")
k = En.E as number
assert(k == 4201, "e43")
k = En2.D0 as number
assert(k == 4200, "eX0")
k = En2.D1 as number
assert(k == 4201, "eX1")
msg("enums0")
assert(switchA(En.A) == 7, "s1")
assert(switchA(En.B) == 7, "s2")
assert(switchA(En.C) == 12, "s3")
assert(switchA(En.D) == 13, "s4")
assert(switchA(En.E) == 12, "s5")
assert(switchA(-3 as En) == 12, "s6")
msg("enums1")
assert(switchB(En.A) == 7, "x1")
assert(switchB(En.B) == 7, "x2")
assert(switchB(En.C) == 17, "x3")
assert(switchB(En.D) == 13, "x4")
assert(switchB(En.E) == 14, "x5")
}
function switchA(e: En) {
let r = 12;
switch (e) {
case En.A:
case En.B: return 7;
case En.D: r = 13; break;
}
return r
}
function switchB(e: En) {
let r = 33;
switch (e) {
case En.A:
case En.B: return 7;
case En.D: r = 13; break;
case En.E: r = 14; break;
default: return 17;
}
return r;
}
function bufferIs(b: Buffer, a: number[]) {
assert(b.length == a.length, "bis-len")
for (let i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
if (a[i] != b[i]) {
assert(false, `bufferIs: buf[${ i }]:${ b[i] } != ${ a[i] }`)
}
}
}
function testBuffer() {
let b = pins.createBuffer(3);
assert(b[0] == 0, "buf0");
assert(b[1] == 0, "buf0");
assert(b[2] == 0, "buf0");
assert(b[-100000] == 0, "bufM");
assert(b[100000] == 0, "bufM");
b[0] = 42;
bufferIs(b,[42, 0, 0]);
b[2] = 41;
bufferIs(b,[42, 0, 41]);
b.rotate(1)
bufferIs(b,[0, 41, 42]);
b.rotate(-2)
bufferIs(b,[41, 42, 0]);
b.shift(1)
bufferIs(b,[42, 0, 0]);
b.rotate(9)
bufferIs(b,[42, 0, 0]);
b.rotate(-9)
bufferIs(b,[42, 0, 0]);
b.fill(4);
bufferIs(b,[4, 4, 4]);
b.fill(12, 1, 1);
bufferIs(b,[4, 12, 4]);
b.fill(13, 1, -1);
bufferIs(b,[4, 13, 13]);
b.fill(100, -1, -1);
bufferIs(b,[4, 13, 13]);
b.shift(-1)
bufferIs(b,[0, 4, 13]);
}

View File

@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
"lang-test0.ts"
],
"public": true,
"additionalFilePath": "../../node_modules/pxt-core/libs/lang-test0",
"dependencies": {
"microbit": "file:../microbit"
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
//
// Note that this is supposed to run from command line.
// Do not use anything besides basic.pause, control.inBackground, console.log
//
//% shim=pxtrt::panic
function panic(code2: number): void { }
function msg(s: string): void {
//console.log(s)
//basic.pause(50);
}
function assert(cond: boolean, msg_: string) {
if (!cond) {
console.log("ASSERT: " + msg_);
panic(45);
}
}
console.log("Starting...")
basic.showNumber(0);
testBuffer()
basic.showNumber(2);
console.log("ALL TESTS OK")
function bufferIs(b: Buffer, a: number[]) {
assert(b.length == a.length, "bis-len")
for (let i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
if (a[i] != b[i]) {
assert(false, `bufferIs: buf[${i}]:${b[i]} != ${a[i]}`)
}
}
}
function testBuffer() {
let b = pins.createBuffer(3);
assert(b[0] == 0, "buf0");
assert(b[1] == 0, "buf0");
assert(b[2] == 0, "buf0");
assert(b[-100000] == 0, "bufM");
assert(b[100000] == 0, "bufM");
b[0] = 42;
bufferIs(b, [42, 0, 0]);
b[2] = 41;
bufferIs(b, [42, 0, 41]);
b.rotate(1)
bufferIs(b, [0, 41, 42]);
b.rotate(-2)
bufferIs(b, [41, 42, 0]);
b.shift(1)
bufferIs(b, [42, 0, 0]);
b.rotate(9)
bufferIs(b, [42, 0, 0]);
b.rotate(-9)
bufferIs(b, [42, 0, 0]);
b.fill(4);
bufferIs(b, [4, 4, 4]);
b.fill(12, 1, 1);
bufferIs(b, [4, 12, 4]);
b.fill(13, 1, -1);
bufferIs(b, [4, 13, 13]);
b.fill(100, -1, -1);
bufferIs(b, [4, 13, 13]);
b.shift(-1)
bufferIs(b, [0, 4, 13]);
}

12
libs/lang-test1/pxt.json Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
{
"name": "lang-test1",
"description": "Test for the TypeScript -> HEX compiler; microbit specific parts",
"installedVersion": "file:.",
"files": [
"lang-test1.ts"
],
"public": true,
"dependencies": {
"microbit": "file:../microbit"
}
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
{
"bluetooth": "Support for additional Bluetooth services.",
"bluetooth.onBluetoothConnected": "Register code to run when the micro:bit is connected to over Bluetooth",
"bluetooth.onBluetoothConnected|param|body": "Code to run when a Bluetooth connection is established",
"bluetooth.onBluetoothDisconnected": "Register code to run when a bluetooth connection to the micro:bit is lost",
"bluetooth.onBluetoothDisconnected|param|body": "Code to run when a Bluetooth connection is lost",
"bluetooth.startAccelerometerService": "Starts the Bluetooth accelerometer service",
"bluetooth.startButtonService": "Starts the Bluetooth button service",
"bluetooth.startIOPinService": "Starts the Bluetooth IO pin service.",
"bluetooth.startLEDService": "Starts the Bluetooth LED service",
"bluetooth.startMagnetometerService": "Starts the Bluetooth magnetometer service",
"bluetooth.startTemperatureService": "Starts the Bluetooth temperature service",
"bluetooth.uartRead": "Reads from the Bluetooth UART service buffer, returning its contents when the specified delimiter character is encountered.",
"bluetooth.uartWrite": "Writes to the Bluetooth UART service buffer. From there the data is transmitted over Bluetooth to a connected device."
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
{
"bluetooth.onBluetoothConnected|block": "on bluetooth connected",
"bluetooth.onBluetoothDisconnected|block": "on bluetooth disconnected",
"bluetooth.startAccelerometerService|block": "bluetooth accelerometer service",
"bluetooth.startButtonService|block": "bluetooth button service",
"bluetooth.startIOPinService|block": "bluetooth io pin service",
"bluetooth.startLEDService|block": "bluetooth led service",
"bluetooth.startMagnetometerService|block": "bluetooth magnetometer service",
"bluetooth.startTemperatureService|block": "bluetooth temperature service",
"bluetooth.uartRead|block": "bluetooth uart read %del=bluetooth_uart_delimiter_conv",
"bluetooth.uartWrite|block": "bluetooth uart write %data",
"bluetooth|block": "bluetooth"
}

View File

@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ namespace bluetooth {
/**
* Starts the Bluetooth UART service
*/
// help=bluetooth/start-uart-service
// blockId=bluetooth_start_uart_service block="bluetooth uart service" blockGap=8
//% help=bluetooth/start-uart-service
//% blockId=bluetooth_start_uart_service block="bluetooth uart service" blockGap=8
void startUartService() {
if (uart) return;
// 61 octet buffer size is 3 x (MTU - 3) + 1

View File

@ -49,6 +49,13 @@ declare namespace bluetooth {
//% blockId=bluetooth_start_button_service block="bluetooth button service" blockGap=8 shim=bluetooth::startButtonService
function startButtonService(): void;
/**
* Starts the Bluetooth UART service
*/
//% help=bluetooth/start-uart-service
//% blockId=bluetooth_start_uart_service block="bluetooth uart service" blockGap=8 shim=bluetooth::startUartService
function startUartService(): void;
/**
* Writes to the Bluetooth UART service buffer. From there the data is transmitted over Bluetooth to a connected device.
*/

View File

@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
{
"devices": "Control a phone with the BBC micro:bit via Bluetooth.",
"devices.onGamepadButton": "Register code to run when the micro:bit receives a command from the paired gamepad.",
"devices.onGamepadButton|param|body": "code to run when button is pressed",
"devices.onGamepadButton|param|name": "button name",
"devices.onNotified": "Registers code to run when the device notifies about a particular event.",
"devices.onNotified|param|body": "code handler when event is triggered",
"devices.onNotified|param|event": "event description",
"devices.onSignalStrengthChanged": "Registers code to run when the device notifies about a change of signal strength.",
"devices.onSignalStrengthChanged|param|body": "Code run when the signal strength changes.",
"devices.raiseAlertTo": "Sends an ``alert`` command to the parent device.",
"devices.raiseAlertTo|param|event": "event description",
"devices.signalStrength": "Returns the last signal strength reported by the paired device.",
"devices.tellCameraTo": "Sends a ``camera`` command to the parent device.",
"devices.tellCameraTo|param|event": "event description",
"devices.tellRemoteControlTo": "Sends a ``remote control`` command to the parent device.",
"devices.tellRemoteControlTo|param|event": "event description"
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
{
"devices.onGamepadButton|block": "on gamepad button|%NAME",
"devices.onNotified|block": "on notified|%event",
"devices.onSignalStrengthChanged|block": "on signal strength changed",
"devices.raiseAlertTo|block": "raise alert to|%property",
"devices.signalStrength|block": "signal strength",
"devices.tellCameraTo|block": "tell camera to|%property",
"devices.tellRemoteControlTo|block": "tell remote control to|%property",
"devices|block": "devices"
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
{
"radio": "Communicate data using radio packets",
"radio.onDataReceived": "Registers code to run when a packet is received over radio.",
"radio.receiveNumber": "Reads the next packet as a number from the radio queue.",
"radio.receiveString": "Reads the next packet as a string and returns it.",
"radio.receivedNumberAt": "Reads a number at a given index, between ``0`` and ``3``, from the packet received by ``receive number``. Not supported in simulator.",
"radio.receivedNumberAt|param|index": "index of the number to read from 0 to 3. 1 eg",
"radio.receivedSignalStrength": "Gets the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from the packet received by ``receive number``. Not supported in simulator.\nnamespace=radio",
"radio.sendNumber": "Broadcasts a number over radio to any connected micro:bit in the group.",
"radio.sendString": "Broadcasts a number over radio to any connected micro:bit in the group.",
"radio.sendValue": "Broadcasts a name / value pair along with the device serial number\nand running time to any connected micro:bit in the group.",
"radio.sendValue|param|name": "the field name (max 12 characters), eg: \"data\"",
"radio.sendValue|param|value": "the numberic value",
"radio.setGroup": "Sets the group id for radio communications. A micro:bit can only listen to one group ID at any time.\n@ param id the group id between ``0`` and ``255``, 1 eg",
"radio.setTransmitPower": "Change the output power level of the transmitter to the given value.",
"radio.setTransmitPower|param|power": "a value in the range 0..7, where 0 is the lowest power and 7 is the highest. eg: 7",
"radio.setTransmitSerialNumber": "Set the radio to transmit the serial number in each message.",
"radio.writeValueToSerial": "Reads a value sent with `stream value` and writes it\nto the serial stream as JSON"
}

View File

@ -1,101 +1,15 @@
{
"basic": "Provides access to basic micro:bit functionality.",
"basic.clearScreen": "Turn off all LEDs",
"basic.forever": "Repeats the code forever in the background. On each iteration, allows other codes to run.",
"basic.pause": "Pause for the specified time in milliseconds",
"basic.plotLeds": "Draws an image on the LED screen.",
"basic.showAnimation": "Shows a sequence of LED screens as an animation.",
"basic.showLeds": "Draws an image on the LED screen.",
"basic.showNumber": "Scroll a number on the screen. If the number fits on the screen (i.e. is a single digit), do not scroll.",
"basic.showString": "Display text on the display, one character at a time. If the string fits on the screen (i.e. is one letter), does not scroll.",
"control": "Runtime and event utilities.",
"control.inBackground": "Schedules code that run in the background.",
"control.reset": "Resets the BBC micro:bit.",
"game": "A single-LED sprite game engine",
"game.addScore": "Adds points to the current score",
"game.gameOver": "Displays a game over animation.",
"game.score": "Gets the current score",
"game.setScore": "Sets the current score value",
"game.startCountdown": "Starts a game countdown timer",
"images": "Creation, manipulation and display of LED images.",
"images.createBigImage": "Creates an image with 2 frames.",
"images.createImage": "Creates an image that fits on the LED screen.",
"input": "Events and data from sensors",
"input.acceleration": "Get the acceleration value in milli-gravitys (when the board is laying flat with the screen up, x=0, y=0 and z=-1024)",
"input.buttonIsPressed": "Get the button state (pressed or not) for ``A`` and ``B``.",
"input.calibrate": "Obsolete, compass calibration is automatic.",
"input.compassHeading": "Get the current compass compass heading in degrees.",
"input.lightLevel": "Reads the light level applied to the LED screen in a range from ``0`` (dark) to ``255`` bright.",
"input.magneticForce": "Get the magnetic force value in ``micro-Teslas`` (``µT``). This function is not supported in the simulator.",
"input.onButtonPressed": "Do something when a button (``A``, ``B`` or both ``A+B``) is pressed",
"input.onGesture": "Attaches code to run when the screen is facing up.",
"input.onLogoDown": "Attaches code to run when the logo is oriented downwards and the board is vertical.",
"input.onLogoUp": "Attaches code to run when the logo is oriented upwards and the board is vertical.",
"input.onPinPressed": "Do something when a pin(``P0``, ``P1`` or both ``P2``) is pressed.",
"input.onScreenDown": "Attaches code to run when the screen is facing down.",
"input.onScreenUp": "Attaches code to run when the screen is facing up.",
"input.onShake": "Attaches code to run when the device is shaken.",
"input.pinIsPressed": "Get the pin state (pressed or not). Requires to hold the ground to close the circuit.",
"input.rotation": "The pitch of the device, rotation along the ``x-axis``, in degrees.",
"input.runningTime": "Gets the number of milliseconds elapsed since power on.",
"input.setAccelerometerRange": "Sets the accelerometer sample range in gravities.",
"input.temperature": "Gets the temperature in Celsius degrees (°C).",
"led": "Control of the LED screen.",
"led.brightness": "Get the screen brightness from 0 (off) to 255 (full bright).",
"led.fadeIn": "Fades in the screen display.",
"led.fadeOut": "Fades out the screen brightness.",
"led.plot": "Turn on the specified LED using x, y coordinates (x is horizontal, y is vertical). (0,0) is upper left.",
"led.plotAll": "Turns all LEDS on",
"led.plotBarGraph": "Displays a vertical bar graph based on the `value` and `high` value.\nIf `high` is 0, the chart gets adjusted automatically.",
"led.point": "Get the on/off state of the specified LED using x, y coordinates. (0,0) is upper left.",
"led.screenshot": "Takes a screenshot of the LED screen and returns an image.",
"led.setBrightness": "Set the screen brightness from 0 (off) to 255 (full bright).",
"led.setDisplayMode": "Sets the display mode between black and white and greyscale for rendering LEDs.",
"led.stopAnimation": "Cancels the current animation and clears other pending animations.",
"led.toggle": "Toggles a particular pixel",
"led.toggleAll": "Inverts the current LED display",
"led.unplot": "Turn off the specified LED using x, y coordinates (x is horizontal, y is vertical). (0,0) is upper left.",
"music": "Generation of music tones through pin ``P0``.",
"music.beat": "Returns the duration of a beat in milli-seconds",
"music.changeTempoBy": "Change the tempo by the specified amount",
"music.noteFrequency": "Gets the frequency of a note.",
"music.playTone": "Plays a tone through pin ``P0`` for the given duration.",
"music.rest": "Rests (plays nothing) for a specified time through pin ``P0``.",
"music.ringTone": "Plays a tone through pin ``P0``.",
"music.setTempo": "Sets the tempo to the specified amount",
"music.tempo": "Returns the tempo in beats per minute. Tempo is the speed (bpm = beats per minute) at which notes play. The larger the tempo value, the faster the notes will play.",
"pins": "Control currents in Pins for analog/digital signals, servos, i2c, ...",
"pins.analogPitch": "Emits a Pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal to the current pitch pin. Use `analog set pitch pin` to define the pitch pin.",
"pins.analogReadPin": "Read the connector value as analog, that is, as a value comprised between 0 and 1023.",
"pins.analogSetPeriod": "Configures the Pulse-width modulation (PWM) of the analog output to the given value in **microseconds** or `1/1000` milliseconds.\nIf this pin is not configured as an analog output (using `analog write pin`), the operation has no effect.",
"pins.analogSetPitchPin": "Sets the pin used when using `pins->analog pitch`.",
"pins.analogWritePin": "Set the connector value as analog. Value must be comprised between 0 and 1023.",
"pins.digitalReadPin": "Read the specified pin or connector as either 0 or 1",
"pins.digitalWritePin": "Set a pin or connector value to either 0 or 1.",
"pins.i2cReadNumber": "Read one number from 7-bit I2C address.",
"pins.i2cWriteNumber": "Write one number to a 7-bit I2C address.",
"pins.map": "Re-maps a number from one range to another. That is, a value of ``from low`` would get mapped to ``to low``, a value of ``from high`` to ``to high``, values in-between to values in-between, etc.",
"pins.onPulsed": "Configures this pin to a digital input, and generates events where the timestamp is the duration that this pin was either ``high`` or ``low``.",
"pins.pulseDuration": "Gets the duration of the last pulse in micro-seconds. This function should be called from a ``onPulse`` handler.",
"pins.servoSetPulse": "Configures this IO pin as an analog/pwm output, configures the period to be 20 ms, and sets the pulse width, based on the value it is given **microseconds** or `1/1000` milliseconds.",
"pins.servoWritePin": "Writes a value to the servo, controlling the shaft accordingly. On a standard servo, this will set the angle of the shaft (in degrees), moving the shaft to that orientation. On a continuous rotation servo, this will set the speed of the servo (with ``0`` being full-speed in one direction, ``180`` being full speed in the other, and a value near ``90`` being no movement).",
"radio": "Communicate data using radio packets",
"radio.onDataReceived": "Registers code to run when a packet is received over radio.",
"radio.receiveNumber": "Reads the next packet as a number from the radio queue.",
"radio.receiveString": "Reads the next packet as a string and returns it.",
"radio.receivedNumberAt": "Reads a number at a given index, between ``0`` and ``3``, from the packet received by ``receive number``. Not supported in simulator.",
"radio.receivedSignalStrength": "Gets the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from the packet received by ``receive number``. Not supported in simulator.\nnamespace=radio",
"radio.sendNumber": "Broadcasts a number over radio to any connected micro:bit in the group.",
"radio.sendString": "Broadcasts a number over radio to any connected micro:bit in the group.",
"radio.sendValue": "Broadcasts a name / value pair along with the device serial number\nand running time to any connected BBC micro:bit in the group.",
"radio.setGroup": "Sets the group id for radio communications. A micro:bit can only listen to one group ID at any time.\n@ param id the group id between ``0`` and ``255``, 1 eg",
"radio.setTransmitPower": "Change the output power level of the transmitter to the given value.",
"radio.setTransmitSerialNumber": "Set the radio to transmit the serial number in each message.",
"radio.writeValueToSerial": "Reads a value sent with `stream value` and writes it\nto the serial stream as JSON",
"serial": "Reading and writing data over a serial connection.",
"serial.readLine": "Reads a line of text from the serial port.",
"serial.writeLine": "Prints a line of text to the serial",
"serial.writeNumber": "Prints a numeric value to the serial",
"serial.writeString": "Sends a piece of text through Serial connection.",
"serial.writeValue": "Writes a ``name: value`` pair line to the serial."
"radio.onDataReceived|block": "radio on data received",
"radio.receiveNumber|block": "radio receive number",
"radio.receiveString|block": "radio receive string",
"radio.receivedNumberAt|block": "radio receive number|at %VALUE",
"radio.receivedSignalStrength|block": "radio received signal strength",
"radio.sendNumber|block": "radio send number %value",
"radio.sendString|block": "radio send string %msg",
"radio.sendValue|block": "radio send|value %name|= %value",
"radio.setGroup|block": "radio set group %ID",
"radio.setTransmitPower|block": "radio set transmit power %power",
"radio.setTransmitSerialNumber|block": "radio set transmit serial number %transmit",
"radio.writeValueToSerial|block": "radio write value to serial",
"radio|block": "radio"
}

View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/send-number
//% weight=60
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send block="send number %value" blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send block="radio send number %value" blockGap=8
void sendNumber(int value) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
uint32_t t = system_timer_current_time();
@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ namespace radio {
/**
* Broadcasts a name / value pair along with the device serial number
* and running time to any connected BBC micro:bit in the group.
* and running time to any connected micro:bit in the group.
* @param name the field name (max 12 characters), eg: "data"
* @param value the numberic value
*/
//% help=radio/send-value
//% weight=59
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_value block="send|value %name|= %value" blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_value block="radio send|value %name|= %value" blockGap=8
void sendValue(StringData* name, int value) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/send-string
//% weight=58
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_string block="send string %msg"
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_string block="radio send string %msg"
void sendString(StringData* msg) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/write-value-to-serial
//% weight=3
//% blockId=radio_write_value_serial block="write value to serial"
//% blockId=radio_write_value_serial block="radio write value to serial"
void writeValueToSerial() {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
PacketBuffer p = uBit.radio.datagram.recv();
@ -134,16 +134,6 @@ namespace radio {
uBit.serial.send("}\r\n");
}
/**
* Registers code to run when a packet is received over radio.
*/
//% help=radio/on-data-received
//% weight=50
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_event block="on data received" blockGap=8
void onDataReceived(Action body) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
registerWithDal(MICROBIT_ID_RADIO, MICROBIT_RADIO_EVT_DATAGRAM, body);
}
/**
* Reads a number at a given index, between ``0`` and ``3``, from the packet received by ``receive number``. Not supported in simulator.
@ -151,7 +141,7 @@ namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/received-number-at
//% weight=45 debug=true
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_number_at block="receive number|at %VALUE" blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_number_at block="radio receive number|at %VALUE" blockGap=8
int receivedNumberAt(int index) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return 0;
if (0 <= index && index < packet.length() / 4) {
@ -162,24 +152,38 @@ namespace radio {
}
return 0;
}
/**
* Reads the next packet as a number from the radio queue.
*/
//% help=radio/receive-number
//% weight=46
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive block="receive number" blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive block="radio receive number" blockGap=8
int receiveNumber()
{
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return 0;
packet = uBit.radio.datagram.recv();
return receivedNumberAt(0);
}
/**
* Registers code to run when a packet is received over radio.
*/
//% help=radio/on-data-received
//% weight=50
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_event block="radio on data received" blockGap=8
void onDataReceived(Action body) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
registerWithDal(MICROBIT_ID_RADIO, MICROBIT_RADIO_EVT_DATAGRAM, body);
// make the the receive buffer has a free spot
receiveNumber();
}
/**
* Reads the next packet as a string and returns it.
*/
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive_string block="receive string" blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive_string block="radio receive string" blockGap=8
//% weight=44
//% help=radio/receive-string
StringData* receiveString() {
@ -194,7 +198,7 @@ namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/received-signal-strength
//% weight=40
//% blockId=radio_datagram_rssi block="received signal strength"
//% blockId=radio_datagram_rssi block="radio received signal strength"
int receivedSignalStrength() {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return 0;
return packet.getRSSI();
@ -205,8 +209,8 @@ namespace radio {
* @ param id the group id between ``0`` and ``255``, 1 eg
*/
//% help=radio/set-group
//% weight=10
//% blockId=radio_set_group block="set group %ID"
//% weight=10 blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_set_group block="radio set group %ID"
void setGroup(int id) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
uBit.radio.setGroup(id);
@ -217,8 +221,8 @@ namespace radio {
* @param power a value in the range 0..7, where 0 is the lowest power and 7 is the highest. eg: 7
*/
//% help=radio/set-transmit-power
//% weight=9
//% blockId=radio_set_transmit_power block="set transmit power %power"
//% weight=9 blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_set_transmit_power block="radio set transmit power %power"
void setTransmitPower(int power) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
uBit.radio.setTransmitPower(power);
@ -228,9 +232,10 @@ namespace radio {
* Set the radio to transmit the serial number in each message.
*/
//% help=radio/set-transmit-serial-number
//% weight=8
//% block=radio_set_transmit_serial_number block="set tranmist serial number %transmit"
//% weight=8 blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_set_transmit_serial_number block="radio set transmit serial number %transmit"
void setTransmitSerialNumber(bool transmit) {
if (radioEnable() != MICROBIT_OK) return;
transmitSerialNumber = transmit;
}
}

View File

@ -10,18 +10,18 @@ declare namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/send-number
//% weight=60
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send block="send number %value" blockGap=8 shim=radio::sendNumber
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send block="radio send number %value" blockGap=8 shim=radio::sendNumber
function sendNumber(value: number): void;
/**
* Broadcasts a name / value pair along with the device serial number
* and running time to any connected BBC micro:bit in the group.
* and running time to any connected micro:bit in the group.
* @param name the field name (max 12 characters), eg: "data"
* @param value the numberic value
*/
//% help=radio/send-value
//% weight=59
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_value block="send|value %name|= %value" blockGap=8 shim=radio::sendValue
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_value block="radio send|value %name|= %value" blockGap=8 shim=radio::sendValue
function sendValue(name: string, value: number): void;
/**
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ declare namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/send-string
//% weight=58
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_string block="send string %msg" shim=radio::sendString
//% blockId=radio_datagram_send_string block="radio send string %msg" shim=radio::sendString
function sendString(msg: string): void;
/**
@ -38,24 +38,16 @@ declare namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/write-value-to-serial
//% weight=3
//% blockId=radio_write_value_serial block="write value to serial" shim=radio::writeValueToSerial
//% blockId=radio_write_value_serial block="radio write value to serial" shim=radio::writeValueToSerial
function writeValueToSerial(): void;
/**
* Registers code to run when a packet is received over radio.
*/
//% help=radio/on-data-received
//% weight=50
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_event block="on data received" blockGap=8 shim=radio::onDataReceived
function onDataReceived(body: () => void): void;
/**
* Reads a number at a given index, between ``0`` and ``3``, from the packet received by ``receive number``. Not supported in simulator.
* @param index index of the number to read from 0 to 3. 1 eg
*/
//% help=radio/received-number-at
//% weight=45 debug=true
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_number_at block="receive number|at %VALUE" blockGap=8 shim=radio::receivedNumberAt
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_number_at block="radio receive number|at %VALUE" blockGap=8 shim=radio::receivedNumberAt
function receivedNumberAt(index: number): number;
/**
@ -63,13 +55,21 @@ declare namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/receive-number
//% weight=46
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive block="receive number" blockGap=8 shim=radio::receiveNumber
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive block="radio receive number" blockGap=8 shim=radio::receiveNumber
function receiveNumber(): number;
/**
* Registers code to run when a packet is received over radio.
*/
//% help=radio/on-data-received
//% weight=50
//% blockId=radio_datagram_received_event block="radio on data received" blockGap=8 shim=radio::onDataReceived
function onDataReceived(body: () => void): void;
/**
* Reads the next packet as a string and returns it.
*/
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive_string block="receive string" blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_datagram_receive_string block="radio receive string" blockGap=8
//% weight=44
//% help=radio/receive-string shim=radio::receiveString
function receiveString(): string;
@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ declare namespace radio {
*/
//% help=radio/received-signal-strength
//% weight=40
//% blockId=radio_datagram_rssi block="received signal strength" shim=radio::receivedSignalStrength
//% blockId=radio_datagram_rssi block="radio received signal strength" shim=radio::receivedSignalStrength
function receivedSignalStrength(): number;
/**
@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ declare namespace radio {
* @ param id the group id between ``0`` and ``255``, 1 eg
*/
//% help=radio/set-group
//% weight=10
//% blockId=radio_set_group block="set group %ID" shim=radio::setGroup
//% weight=10 blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_set_group block="radio set group %ID" shim=radio::setGroup
function setGroup(id: number): void;
/**
@ -97,16 +97,16 @@ declare namespace radio {
* @param power a value in the range 0..7, where 0 is the lowest power and 7 is the highest. eg: 7
*/
//% help=radio/set-transmit-power
//% weight=9
//% blockId=radio_set_transmit_power block="set transmit power %power" shim=radio::setTransmitPower
//% weight=9 blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_set_transmit_power block="radio set transmit power %power" shim=radio::setTransmitPower
function setTransmitPower(power: number): void;
/**
* Set the radio to transmit the serial number in each message.
*/
//% help=radio/set-transmit-serial-number
//% weight=8
//% block=radio_set_transmit_serial_number block="set tranmist serial number %transmit" shim=radio::setTransmitSerialNumber
//% weight=8 blockGap=8
//% blockId=radio_set_transmit_serial_number block="radio set transmit serial number %transmit" shim=radio::setTransmitSerialNumber
function setTransmitSerialNumber(transmit: boolean): void;
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
{
"Math.randomBoolean":"Génère une valeur « true » ou « false » au hasard, tout comme le retournement dune pièce de monnaie.",
"String.fromCharCode":"Faire une chaîne de la donnée code de caractères ASCII.",
"basic":"Permet daccéder aux fonctionnalités de base micro : bit.",
"basic.clearScreen":"Désactiver toutes les LEDs",
"basic.forever":"Répète le code pour toujours en arrière-plan. À chaque itération, permet aux autres codes dexécuter.",
"basic.pause":"Pause pendant la durée spécifiée en millisecondes",
"basic.pause|param|ms":"Combien de temps pour faire une pause pour, par exemple : 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000",
"basic.plotLeds":"Dessine une image sur lécran LED.",
"basic.plotLeds|param|leds":"modèle de LED à allumer\/éteindre",
"basic.showAnimation":"Montre une séquence décrans LED comme une animation.",
"basic.showAnimation|param|interval":"temps en millisecondes entre chaque rafraîchissement",
"basic.showAnimation|param|leds":"modèle de LED à allumer\/éteindre",
"basic.showLeds":"Dessine une image sur lécran LED.",
"basic.showLeds|param|interval":"temps en millisecondes pour faire une pause après dessin",
"basic.showLeds|param|leds":"le modèle de LED pour activer\/désactiver",
"basic.showNumber":"Mettez en surbrillance un numéro sur lécran. Si le numéro sinscrit sur lécran (c'est-à-dire un seul chiffre), ne défilent pas.",
"basic.showNumber|param|interval":"Vitesse de défilement ; par exemple : -100, 200, 100, 150",
"basic.showString":"Afficher du texte à lécran, un caractère à la fois. Si la chaîne sinscrit sur lécran (c'est-à-dire une lettre), ne défile pas.",
"basic.showString|param|interval":"quelle vitesse de déplacement des personnages ; par exemple : -100, 200, 100, 150",
"basic.showString|param|text":"le texte à faire défiler sur lécran, par exemple : « Bonjour ! »",
"control":"Utilitaires dexécution et événements.",
"control.inBackground":"Horaires du code qui sexécutent en arrière-plan.",
"control.reset":"Réinitialise le BBC micro : bit.",
"game":"Un moteur de jeu unique-LED sprite",
"game.addScore":"Ajoute des points pour le score actuel",
"game.addScore|param|points":"nombre de points à changer, par exemple : 1",
"game.gameOver":"Affiche un jeu au dessus de lanimation.",
"game.score":"Obtient le score actuel",
"game.setScore":"Définit la valeur actuelle de la partition",
"game.setScore|param|value":"TODO",
"game.startCountdown":"Commence un compte à rebours jeu",
"game.startCountdown|param|ms":"durée du compte à rebours en millisecondes, par exemple : 10000",
"images":"Création, manipulation et affichage dimages LED.",
"images.createBigImage":"Crée une image avec 2 images.",
"images.createImage":"Crée une image qui sadapte à lécran LED.",
"input":"Événements et des données provenant de capteurs",
"input.acceleration":"Obtenir la valeur de laccélération en milli-gravitys (lorsque le jury pose plat avec lécran vers le haut, x = 0, y = 0 et z =-1024)",
"input.acceleration|param|dimension":"TODO",
"input.buttonIsPressed":"Obtenir létat du bouton (pressé ou non) pour '' A'' et '' B''.",
"input.calibrate":"Obsolète, boussole de calibrage est automatique.",
"input.compassHeading":"Obtenir le cap compas boussole actuel en degrés.",
"input.lightLevel":"Lit le niveau de lumière appliqué à lécran LED dans une gamme de '' 0'' (noir) à 255 '''' lumineux.",
"input.magneticForce":"Obtenir la valeur de la force magnétique dans '' micro-Teslas'' ('' µT''). Cette fonction nest pas pris en charge dans le simulateur.",
"input.magneticForce|param|dimension":"TODO",
"input.onButtonPressed":"Faire quelque chose quand vous appuyez sur un bouton ('' A'', '' B'' ou les deux '' A + B'')",
"input.onButtonPressed|param|body":"TODO",
"input.onButtonPressed|param|button":"TODO",
"input.onGesture":"Attache le code à exécuter lorsque lécran vers le haut.",
"input.onGesture|param|body":"TODO",
"input.onLogoDown":"Attache le code à exécuter lorsque le logo est orienté vers le bas et le jury est vertical.",
"input.onLogoDown|param|body":"TODO",
"input.onLogoUp":"Attache le code à exécuter lorsque le logo est orienté vers le haut et le jury est vertical.",
"input.onLogoUp|param|body":"TODO",
"input.onPinPressed":"Faire quelque chose lorsque vous appuyez sur une broche ('' P0'', '' P1'' ou les deux '' P2'').",
"input.onPinPressed|param|body":"TODO",
"input.onPinPressed|param|name":"TODO",
"input.onScreenDown":"Attache le code à exécuter lorsque lécran vers le bas.",
"input.onScreenDown|param|body":"TODO",
"input.onScreenUp":"Attache le code à exécuter lorsque lécran vers le haut.",
"input.onScreenUp|param|body":"TODO",
"input.onShake":"Attache le code à exécuter lorsque lappareil est secoué.",
"input.onShake|param|body":"TODO",
"input.pinIsPressed":"Obtenir létat de la broche (pressé ou non). Nécessite de tenir au sol pour fermer le circuit.",
"input.pinIsPressed|param|name":"broche utilisée pour détecter le toucher",
"input.rotation":"La hauteur de lappareil, rotation sur axe le '' x '', en degrés.",
"input.rotation|param|kind":"TODO",
"input.runningTime":"Obtient le nombre de millisecondes écoulées depuis le pouvoir sur.",
"input.setAccelerometerRange":"Définit la plage déchantillon accéléromètre de gravités.",
"input.setAccelerometerRange|param|range":"une valeur décrivent lassurer une rigidité maximale daccélération mesurée",
"input.temperature":"Obtient la température en Celsius degrés (° C).",
"led":"Contrôle de lécran LED.",
"led.brightness":"Descendre la luminosité de lécran de 0 () à 255 (pleine intensité).",
"led.fadeIn":"Fondu dans laffichage à lécran.",
"led.fadeIn|param|ms":"TODO",
"led.fadeOut":"Sévanouit la luminosité de lécran.",
"led.fadeOut|param|ms":"TODO",
"led.plot":"Allumer la LED spécifiée par x, y coordonnées (x est horizontal, y est verticale). (0,0) est en haut à gauche.",
"led.plotAll":"Tous les voyants sallume",
"led.plotBarGraph":"Affiche un graphique à barres vertical basé sur la « valeur » et la valeur « élevée ».\nSi « élevé » est 0, le tableau sajuste automatiquement.",
"led.plotBarGraph|param|high":"valeur maximale. Si 0, la valeur maximale ramenée automatiquement, par exemple : 0",
"led.plotBarGraph|param|value":"valeur actuelle pour tracer",
"led.plot|param|x":"TODO",
"led.plot|param|y":"TODO",
"led.point":"Obtenir lÉtat marche\/arrêt de la LED spécifiée par x, y coordonnées. (0,0) est en haut à gauche.",
"led.point|param|x":"TODO",
"led.point|param|y":"TODO",
"led.screenshot":"Prend une capture décran de lécran LED et renvoie une image.",
"led.setBrightness":"Régler la luminosité de lécran de 0 (off) à 255 (pleine intensité).",
"led.setBrightness|param|value":"valeur de la luminosité, par exemple : 255, 127, 0",
"led.setDisplayMode":"Définit le mode daffichage entre noir et blanc et gris pour le rendu des LEDs.",
"led.setDisplayMode|param|mode":"TODO",
"led.stopAnimation":"Annule lanimation actuelle et efface les autres en attente danimations.",
"led.toggle":"Active\/désactive un pixel particulier",
"led.toggleAll":"Inverse laffichage actuel",
"led.toggle|param|x":"TODO",
"led.toggle|param|y":"TODO",
"led.unplot":"Éteindre la LED spécifiée par x, y coordonnées (x est horizontal, y est verticale). (0,0) est en haut à gauche.",
"led.unplot|param|x":"TODO",
"led.unplot|param|y":"TODO",
"music":"Génération de sonneries musicales via broche '' P0''.",
"music.beat":"Retourne la durée dun battement en milli-secondes",
"music.changeTempoBy":"Changer le tempo de la quantité spécifiée",
"music.changeTempoBy|param|bpm":"Le changement en battements par minute au tempo, par exemple : 20",
"music.noteFrequency":"Obtient la fréquence dune note.",
"music.noteFrequency|param|name":"le nom de la note",
"music.playTone":"Joue une tonalité via broche '' P0'' pour la durée donnée.",
"music.playTone|param|frequency":"hauteur de la tonalité pour jouer en Hertz (Hz)",
"music.playTone|param|ms":"durée de la tonalité en millisecondes (ms)",
"music.rest":"Repose (joue rien) pendant une durée spécifiée via broche '' P0''.",
"music.rest|param|ms":"reposer la durée en millisecondes (ms)",
"music.ringTone":"Joue une tonalité via broche '' P0''.",
"music.ringTone|param|frequency":"hauteur de la tonalité pour jouer en Hertz (Hz)",
"music.setTempo":"Définit le tempo à la quantité spécifiée",
"music.setTempo|param|bpm":"Le nouveau tempo en battements par minute, par exemple : 120",
"music.tempo":"Retourne le tempo en battements par minute. Tempo est la vitesse (bpm = battements par minute) à qui jouent des notes. Plus la valeur du tempo, plus vite les notes jouera.",
"pins":"Contrôle des courants à Pins pour signaux analogiques\/numériques, servos, i2c...",
"pins.analogPitch":"Émet un signal de modulation (PWM) de largeur dimpulsion à laxe de tangage actuelle. Utilisez « analog set axe de tangage » pour définir laxe de tangage.",
"pins.analogPitch|param|frequency":"TODO",
"pins.analogPitch|param|ms":"TODO",
"pins.analogReadPin":"Lire la valeur de connecteur analogique, c'est-à-dire comme une valeur comprise entre 0 et 1023.",
"pins.analogReadPin|param|name":"broche décrire à",
"pins.analogSetPeriod":"Configure la modulation de largeur dimpulsion (PWM) de la sortie à la valeur donnée en analogique ** microsecondes ** ou « 1\/1000' millisecondes.\nSi cette broche nest pas configurée comme un analogue de sortie (en utilisant « écriture analogique pin »), lopération na aucun effet.",
"pins.analogSetPeriod|param|micros":"période en micro secondes. par exemple : 20000",
"pins.analogSetPeriod|param|name":"broche analogique pour définir le délai",
"pins.analogSetPitchPin":"Définit laxe utilisé lors de lutilisation de « pins-> pitch analogique ».",
"pins.analogSetPitchPin|param|name":"TODO",
"pins.analogWritePin":"Définissez la valeur de connecteur analogique. Valeur doit être comprise entre 0 et 1023.",
"pins.analogWritePin|param|name":"nom de la broche décrire à",
"pins.analogWritePin|param|value":"valeur à écrire sur la broche entre '' 0'' et '' 1023''. par exemple : 1023, 0",
"pins.digitalReadPin":"Lire la broche spécifié ou le connecteur comme 0 ou 1",
"pins.digitalReadPin|param|name":"broche pour lire à partir",
"pins.digitalWritePin":"Définir une valeur de code pin ou le connecteur à 0 ou 1.",
"pins.digitalWritePin|param|name":"broche décrire à",
"pins.digitalWritePin|param|value":"valeur à définir sur la broche, 1 par exemple, 0",
"pins.i2cReadNumber":"Lire un numéro de 7-bit I2C adresse.",
"pins.i2cWriteNumber":"Écrire un nombre à une adresse I2C de 7 bits.",
"pins.map":"Remappe un nombre dune plage à lautre. Autrement dit, une valeur '' de faible '' serait sont mappée aux '' à faible '', une valeur de '' de haut '' à '' à haute '', valeurs intermédiaires à etc in-between, de valeurs.",
"pins.map|param|fromHigh":"limite la supérieure de la gamme actuelle de la valeur, par exemple : 1023",
"pins.map|param|fromLow":"la limite inférieure de la gamme actuelle de la valeur",
"pins.map|param|toHigh":"la limite supérieure de la cible de la valeur du rang, par exemple : 4",
"pins.map|param|toLow":"la limite inférieure de la fourchette cible de la valeur",
"pins.map|param|value":"valeur à la carte dans les rangs",
"pins.onPulsed":"Configure cette broche pour une entrée numérique et génère des événements où lhorodatage est la durée pendant laquelle cette broche a été '' élevé '' ou '' faible ''.",
"pins.pulseDuration":"Obtient la durée de la dernière impulsion en microsecondes. Cette fonction doit être appelée à partir dun gestionnaire de '' onPulsed''.",
"pins.servoSetPulse":"Configure cette broche e\/s comme une sortie analogique\/pwm, configure le laps de temps pour être 20 ms et définit la largeur dimpulsion, basée sur la valeur, il est donné ** microsecondes ** ou « 1\/1000' millisecondes.",
"pins.servoSetPulse|param|micros":"durée de limpulsion en micro secondes, par exemple : 1500",
"pins.servoSetPulse|param|name":"nom de code PIN",
"pins.servoWritePin":"Écrit une valeur à lasservissement, contrôle de larbre en conséquence. Sur un servo standard, cette fonction définira langle de larbre (en degrés), déplacer larbre à cette orientation. Sur un servo de rotation continue, cette fonction définira la vitesse du servo (avec '' 0'' en pleine vitesse dans une seule direction, '' 180'' en pleine vitesse dans lautre et une valeur de près de 90 '''' aucun mouvement).",
"pins.servoWritePin|param|name":"broche décrire à",
"pins.servoWritePin|param|value":"angle ou rotation à vitesse, par exemple : 0, 90 et 180",
"pins.setPull":"Configure lattraction de cette broche.",
"pins.setPull|param|name":"broche pour définir le mode de traction sur",
"pins.setPull|param|pull":"une des configurations mbed pull : PullUp, menu déroulant, PullNone ",
"serial":"Lire et écrire des données sur une connexion série.",
"serial.readLine":"Lit une ligne de texte à partir du port série.",
"serial.redirect":"Configuration dynamique de linstance de série pour utiliser des épingles autres que USBTX et USBRX.",
"serial.redirect|param|rx":"le nouveau NIP de réception",
"serial.redirect|param|tx":"les nouvelles goupilles de transmission",
"serial.writeLine":"Imprime une ligne de texte pour le numéro de série",
"serial.writeNumber":"Imprime une valeur numérique de la série",
"serial.writeString":"Envoie un morceau de texte via la connexion série.",
"serial.writeValue":"Écrit un « nom : valeur '' paire de ligne de la série.",
"serial.writeValue|param|name":"nom de la valeur stream, par exemple : x",
"serial.writeValue|param|value":"Écrire"
}

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